中国科学院机构知识库网格
Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid
黄土高原小流域植被变化和侵蚀产沙的孢粉示踪研究初探

文献类型:期刊论文

作者文安邦; 贺秀斌; 张信宝
刊名第四纪研究
出版日期2005
卷号25期号:6页码:722-728
关键词孢粉示踪 植被变化 侵蚀产沙 小流域 黄土高原
其他题名A TEST OF THE POLLEN TRACING TECHNIQUE FOR STUDIES OF VEGETATION CHANGES, EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION IN A SMALL CATCHMENT IN THE LOESS PLATEAU OF CHINA
通讯作者张信宝
合作状况其它
中文摘要如同^137Cs和^210Pbex核尘埃,土壤和坝库沉积物中的孢粉也源于大气沉降,是否能用于侵蚀产沙的示踪研究?在陕北吴旗周湾水库采集了一些表层土壤和现代淤地坝、古代聚湫坝沉积泥沙的样品,尝试土地利用/覆被变化和侵蚀产沙的孢粉示踪研究。初步研究表明:草地表土孢粉丰富,平均浓度为26077粒/g;有33个科属的花粉,孢粉组合反映了当地以蒿属为主的半干旱温带草原植被;坡耕地表土的孢粉组合和草地一致,但孢粉平均浓度远低于草地,仅5844粒/g。坝库沉积剖面中,和^137Cs核素一样,孢粉也富集于每一洪水沉积旋迥的上部层位,可用于沉积旋逼的区分。现代沉积旋逼的孢粉平均浓度,远低于草地和坡耕地表土,这表明草地和坡耕地土壤不是沉积泥沙的主要来源。古代沉积物的孢粉平均浓度高于现代沉积,表明流域内300年前的植被好于现代,或300年前沟谷地的相对产沙量低于现代。古代孢粉组合中十字花科花粉比例高达36.85%,明显高于现代的0.58%含量,这表明草地退化严重,十字花科植物比例急剧降低。孢粉示踪技术在植被环境恢复,沉积旋迥区分,和泥沙来源确定等方面具有一定的潜力,但应建立针对土地利用/覆被变化和侵蚀产沙研究的孢粉示踪技术方法。
英文摘要L ike radionuclide fallouts o f 137Cs and 210Pbex, po llens in sed iment deposits and so il com e from the atmosphere.
Therefore, can pollens be used as tracers for so il erosion and sedim entation stud ies? Surface so ils, modern and
ancient reservo ir deposits w ere sampled as a test of the po llen trac ing techn ique for studies o f vegetation changes,
erosion, and sed imentation in the Zhouw an Reservoir Catchmen t o f the Loess Plateau, W uqi County, No rth
Shaanx ,i China. Surface soils on grassland are r ich in po llens and have an average po llen concentration of 26 077
gra ins/g, and 33 taxa of po llens, wh ich are corre lated to the local vegetat ion of sem -i arid temporal steppe rich in
Artem isia as w el.l Surface so ils on cultivated land have sim ilar taxa, but the po llen concentration is on ly 5 844
gra ins/g, much less than those on the g rassland. Like 137C s, po llen concentration is h igher in the upper horizon of
a flood deposit couple.t Average po llen concentrat ion in themodern deposits ismuch less than those in surface so ils
on bo th the grassland and the cultivated land. A verage po llen concentra tion in the ancient deposits from 300 years
ago is higher than concentration in the modern deposits. It indicates that the vegetation in the ca tchments from 300
years ago w as better than today or the relat ive contribution of sedim ent derived from the gu lly area w as less than
today. The proportion o f Cruciferae po llens compared to total pollens in the anc ient deposits reaches 36. 85% ,
w hich ismuch h igher than the concentration in themodern deposits ( on ly 0. 58% ) . It ind icates that degradation of
the grassland is severe and has resulted in reduction o f C ruc iferae. Th is study show s great po tent ia l of the po llen
tracing techn ique for reconstruction o f vegetat ion env ironments, d istingu ish ing o f f lood deposit couplets, and
invest igat ion of sediment sources. H ow ever, spec ific samp ling methodology shou ld be deve loped for the po llen
tracing techn ique.
分类号P531
资助信息国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:40271015);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(批准号:KZCX3-SW-422);国际原子能机构CRP项目(批准号:12300/RO)
语种中文
公开日期2010-07-12
源URL[http://ir.imde.ac.cn/handle/131551/547]  
专题成都山地灾害与环境研究所_成都山地所知识仓储(2009年以前)
成都山地灾害与环境研究所_山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室
科技与合作处
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
文安邦,贺秀斌,张信宝. 黄土高原小流域植被变化和侵蚀产沙的孢粉示踪研究初探[J]. 第四纪研究,2005,25(6):722-728.
APA 文安邦,贺秀斌,&张信宝.(2005).黄土高原小流域植被变化和侵蚀产沙的孢粉示踪研究初探.第四纪研究,25(6),722-728.
MLA 文安邦,et al."黄土高原小流域植被变化和侵蚀产沙的孢粉示踪研究初探".第四纪研究 25.6(2005):722-728.

入库方式: OAI收割

来源:成都山地灾害与环境研究所

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