“东川型”泥石流排导槽结构与输移力关系的实验研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 黄海 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2009 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 成都 |
| 导师 | 马东涛 |
| 关键词 | “东川型”排导槽 泥石流 输移力 肋槛 曼宁系数 |
| 其他题名 | Experimental Study of the Relationship between the Transport Capacity and Structure of the “Dongchuan” Debris Flow Channel |
| 学位专业 | 自然地理学 |
| 中文摘要 | “东川型”泥石流排导槽是前辈泥石流专家在多年防灾减灾实践中创建的一种软基消能的排导槽，是我国目前泥石流治理中最为常见的排导槽形式之一。目前，对于“东川型”排导槽中的泥石流运动性能的研究还远远不足，排导槽与泥石流的运动之间的相互作用还有待进一步揭示，研究“东川型”排导槽的优化结构和输移力已成为重要的研究课题。 室内模型试验是泥石流研究的重要方法。利用成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室的泥石流动力模拟装置为试验平台，对排导槽内的泥石流运动要素与泥石流运动的阻力进行了实验研究，从而推导出排导槽结构型式与输移力的关系。通过试验研究可以得到以下结论： (1)泥石流的容重、流速与排导槽的纵比降和肋槛结构与布置参数关系非常密切，通常纵比降与泥石流容重、流速存在正相关关系。 (2)肋槛高度和肋槛间距对泥石流容重的影响较为复杂。肋槛高度与泥石流容重既有正相关关系也有负相关关系；肋槛间距对泥石流容重多数情况下成正相关关系。 (3)利用综合曼宁系数来描述“东川型”泥石流排导槽的输移力，其与纵比降、肋槛高度、肋槛间距都有非常复杂的关系。从单因素分析方法，很难揭示出各个影响因素与输移力的关系。 (4)肋槛间距与高度的比值与排导槽的综合曼宁系数之间成线性关系，综合曼宁系数随着比值的增加而减小。间距与肋槛的比值由5增加至35，曼宁系数下降约50.0%。这个结论对于排导槽设计中调节输移力具有重要作用。 (5)实际工程设计中，可借鉴本试验的结论，明确排导槽的消能工结构所处的区间，及肋槛结构的两个参数的相对关系，为排导槽工程设计优化提供依据。 |
| 英文摘要 | The “Donchuan” debris flow channel is the most wide used type of channel with the characteristic of soft foundation energy dissipation in our country, which is created by pre-scholars in the long time practice of debris flow mitigation. At present, the study on the performance of the “Donchuan” channel is not systematic, and the relationship between the structure of channel and the motion of debris flow need to be further revealed. The research on the transportation capacity of sediment has become a very important issue. Laboratory experiment is an important method for the debris flow research. The experiments were done to simulate the debris flow movement in channel and the resistance of the “Donchuan” channel, with the support of State Key Laboratory of Geohazard and Geoenvironment Protection in Chengdu University of Technology. Trough analysis the experimental data, the relationship between the transportation capacity and the structure of channel has been derivated, and the results show some conclusions as follows: （1）The bulk density and velocity of debris flow have a closely relationship with the gradient and the threshold parameters of drainage channel. And it is a positive correlation relationship, only in individual cases; it has a negatively correlated relationship. （2）In the single-factor analysis, both the height and the spacing of threshold have a very complex impact on the bulk density of debris flow. The relationship between the threshold height and the bulk density of debris flow is not only positive correlation but also negatively correlated, and the relationship between the threshold spacing and the bulk density of debris flow is positive correlation in most case. （3）The transportation capacity of debris flow channel is characterization by the composite Manning coefficient, and it is impacted by the gradient, the threshold height and the threshold spacing collaboratively. It is hard to revealed the law of change which caused by the change of the influencing factors. （4）It is a linear relationship between the ratio of threshold height and spacing and the comprehensive Manning coefficient, it is mean that the ratio increase would cause the comprehensive Manning coefficient reduced. For example, when the ratio increases from 5 to 35, the composite Manning coefficient would reduce about 50.0%. Such a conclusion plays a very important role in regulating the transport capacity while doing channel design. （5）During the practice of channel design, the conclusions of this experiment can be referred and used, define the situation of the energy dissipation structure and the relationship between the ratio of threshold height and spacing, and then can make the design better. |
| 学科主题 | 灾害学 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2010-10-13 |
| 分类号 | P64;TV1 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.imde.ac.cn/handle/131551/2143]  |
| 专题 | 成都山地灾害与环境研究所_成都山地所知识仓储（2009年以前） |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 黄海. “东川型”泥石流排导槽结构与输移力关系的实验研究[D]. 成都. 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所. 2009. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：成都山地灾害与环境研究所
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