中国科学院机构知识库网格
Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid
海螺沟不同小流域径流特征分析

文献类型:学位论文

作者吕玉香
学位类别硕士
答辩日期2009
授予单位中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所
授予地点成都
导师王根绪
关键词海螺沟 径流特征 径流组分 尺度分析
其他题名Runoff Characteristics Analysis of Different Small Basins in Hailuogou Ravine
学位专业自然地理学
中文摘要水文系统复杂多变,研究的范围广,水文不确定性、非线性、尺度问题和利用同位素技术解决“时空探源”问题一直是水文学研究的热点问题。本文以中科院成都山地所贡嘎山高山生态系统观测试验站为依托,选取海螺沟流域冰川河和森林流域不同尺度的三条沟,分析了4条河沟1990-2007年径流变化特征及冰川河径流变化对气候变化的响应;利用环境同位素和水文化学方法分割流量过程线,确定了黄崩溜沟和观景台沟径流组分及其差异;利用数字滤波法分割出4条沟的基流量;利用分形理论、R/S法等分析了4条沟日径流过程特征及径流系列的变异性特征,并进行预测分析。主要结论如下: 1) 径流多年变化及对气候变化的响应:海螺沟年径流量为12.65 m3/s,近年来径流明显增加。温度是影响冰川径流季节和年际变化的共性主导因素,气温升高及其导致的地温显著增加是海螺沟径流增加的主要原因。 2) 基流:本区基流所占比重较大,黄崩溜沟、观景台沟、马道沟水文站多年平均基流指数分别为0.539、0.721、0.552。基流量受降雨量、降雨历时、雨型、雨强、下垫面条件的共同影响,下垫面条件的不同是决定该区不同流域基流指数差异的关键因素。 3) 河川径流组分:冰川河:海螺沟冰川河是冰川融水(50.1%)、地下水(27.9)、降水(18.2%)混合补给型的河流,积雪融水补给占3.84%;黄崩溜沟:降水径流占14.1%~14.4%,地下水占41.9%~44.6%,壤中流(即浅层地下水)41.3%~43.9%;观景台沟:降水占30.8%~32.2%,地下水占69.2%~67.8%。 4) 日径流过程特征:各站的分维数平均值表现为海螺沟<观景台沟 <黄崩溜沟<马道沟。海螺沟冰川河受冰川、降水、地下水的补给,降水的随机性变化对径流的影响不如森林流域显著,流量过程复杂程度较低。分析结果还说明复杂的洪水来源并不一定造成出口断面复杂的洪水流量过程,这是由于洪水运动中的线性及非线性作用的结果。 5) 径流的趋势性特征及预测:各个台站1995年-2007年的径流赫斯特指数均在0.5以下,呈现反持续性,即未来变化与过去变化趋势相反。其中海螺沟冰川河径流未来可能会有所下降;黄崩溜沟径流多年来趋势性不显著,未来径流量可能会有增加;观景台未来径流量会有所下降;马道沟未来径流量会下降。
英文摘要Hydrological system is complicated and volatile and its study field is very wide. Uncertainty,nonlinearity, scale problems and the application of the isotopic technique to tracing spatiotemporal sources have been hotspots in hydrology. Supported by Gongga Mountain Station of Alpine Ecosystem of Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment (IMHE), CAS, Chengdu,this paper selected a glacial river and three gullies of different scales in forest area in the eastern slope in Gongga Mt.,and analyzed river runoff variation from 1990 to 2007 and the response of runoff variation to climate change in Hailuo Ravine;separated hydrograph based on isotope and hydro-chemical methods and obtained runoff components and their differences of Huangbengliu Gully and Guanjingtai Gully;separated base flow Using digital filter method based on the daily runoff; studied on the characteristics of daily runoff process and runoff series variability using fractal theory and R/S methods, and then predict change in future . Principal findings are concluded as follows: 1) inter-annual runoff variety and its response to climate change: The annual runoff of glacial river is 12.65 m3/s and has a monotonous rising trend in recent ten years. Temperature is the common leading factor of the seasonal and annual variation of glacial runoff, and the air temperature rising and the ground temperature rising caused by air temperature are the main reason of runoff increasing in the Hailuo Ravine basin. 2) base flow: The proportion of base flow is great in this area, the annual average base flow index of Huangbengliu Gully station,Guangjingtai Gully station,Madao Gully station is 0.539, 0.721, 0.552 respectively. Base flow is affected by the comprehensive influence of rainfall capacity 、rainfall duration、rainfall style、rainfall intensity. The difference of underlying surface condition is the key factor influencing on the dissimilarity of the base flow index in different basins. 3) runoff components: The glacial river in Hailuo Ravine is mainly supplied by glacial melt water(50.1%),groundwater(27.9%),precipitation(18.2%), and the snowmelt water contributed 3.84%;Huangbengliu:precipitation contributed 14.1%~14.4%,groundwater contributed 41.9%~44.6%,interflow(shallow groundwater)contributed 41.3%~43.9%;Guanjingtaigou:precipitation contributed 30.8%~32.2%,groundwater contributed 69.2%~67.8%。 4)daily runoff process characteristics: There are differences in fractal dimension of every station,of which Hailuogou Ravine
学科主题生态学
语种中文
公开日期2010-10-13
分类号P33;X14
源URL[http://ir.imde.ac.cn/handle/131551/2157]  
专题成都山地灾害与环境研究所_成都山地所知识仓储(2009年以前)
作者单位中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
吕玉香. 海螺沟不同小流域径流特征分析[D]. 成都. 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所. 2009.

入库方式: OAI收割

来源:成都山地灾害与环境研究所

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