基于不同尺度DEM提取三峡库区紫色土小流域特征参数研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 李涛 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2008 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 成都 |
| 导师 | 陈治谏 |
| 关键词 | 分形理论 水系分维数 集水阈值 流域特征参数 小流域单元 |
| 其他题名 | Research on the Drainage Basin Characteristics Based On Different Scales DEM in Small Watersheds of Purple Soil of Three Gorges Reservoir |
| 学位专业 | 自然地理学 |
| 中文摘要 | 本文以三峡库区五桥河与让渡河流域不同尺度数字高程模型为主要数据源，利用分形理论、地理信息系统技术、地貌学相关理论，提取了不同尺度数字水系，分别探讨了水系分维数值差异和流域特征参数差异，并进行了库区紫色土区小流域水土流失监测单元选取研究，为分形理论、分布式水文模型应用以及水土流失监测提供了理论支持。论文主要成果如下：1本文在国内首次基于1：50000、1：100000、1：250000DEM提取了水系分维数。研究表明，水系分维数随DEM尺度的减小而减小。2 应用Strahler水系分级原理，提取了三峡库区七个紫色土流域Strahler一、二级水道所对应的小流域。经统计后发现，一级流域中，面积在1km2～3km2内的集水区占流域总面积比重最大；二级流域中，面积在5km2～10km2内的集水区占流域总面积比重最大。3 基于地貌学相关理论，探讨了库区紫色土小流域水系集水阈值的选取问题。结果表明，集水阈值为0.75km2时提取的数字水系在河网密度上与实际水系最为接近。4 基于不同分辨率DEM提取了库区流域特征参数，探讨了流域面积、主河道长度、河道总长、河网密度、流域平均坡度随分辨率的变化规律。研究表明，不同水平分辨率DEM 提取的流域参数有差别。与长度、面积有关的参数（流域面积、河道长度、河道总长和河网密度）对分辨率的敏感程度较低，差异较小，而坡度值变化明显，随分辨率的较小，呈线性降低；DEM分辨率小于50m时，提取的流域参数变化较大，为保证参数精度，分辨率应大于50m。 |
| 英文摘要 | In this paper, the author extracts the different scales digital stream network, discusses the difference of fractal dimension of river and drainage basin characteristics, and studies how to select the cell that can monitor soil erosion based on the DEM of Wuqiao and Rangdu basin in Three gorges reservoir area, by fractal theory, gis technology and geomorphology theory. This provides theoretical for fractal dimension, the application of distributed hydrological model and soil erosion monitoring. The main results of the study are follows: The author extracts the fractal dimension of river for the first time in China based on 1:50000, 1:100000, 1:250000 DEM. The results show that with the decrease of DEM scale, the fractal dimension of river become smaller. The Catchments are decided which correspond to the channels from the Strahler in the seven small basins of Purple soil in Three Gorges reservoir area. The author found that the area of 1 Catchments in 1km2～3km2 account for the largest proportion of the total area of basin. And the area of 2 Catchments in 5km2～10km2 account for the largest proportion of the total area of basin. The author discusses how to select the river drainage area threshold in small watershed of the Three Gorges reservoir area. The results show that when the river drainage area threshold is 0.75 km2, the River’s density is most close to the density of actual water. The author discusses and researches the variation rule of drainage area, drainage length ,total length of drainage, density of stream network，mean slope of watershed based on different horizontal resolution of raster DEM. The conclusions are that the drainage basin characteristics which are extracted based on different horizontal resolution of raster DEM are different. The difference of characteristics about area and length is low. With the decrease of horizontal resolution of raster DEM, the changes of mean slope are obvious and are linear decreasing. When the horizontal resolution of raster DEM is less than 50m, the change of drainage basin characteristics is bigger. In order to meet accuracy, the horizontal resolution of raster DEM should be more than 50m. |
| 学科主题 | 生态学 ; 土壤学 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2010-10-14 |
| 分类号 | P33;TV1 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.imde.ac.cn/handle/131551/2203]  |
| 专题 | 成都山地灾害与环境研究所_成都山地所知识仓储（2009年以前） |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 李涛. 基于不同尺度DEM提取三峡库区紫色土小流域特征参数研究[D]. 成都. 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所. 2008. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：成都山地灾害与环境研究所
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