基于多源空间数据的山区人口分布模拟及其信息系统构建
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 曹伟超 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2011-05-15 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 陶和平 |
| 关键词 | 人口数据 空间化 地貌形态 空间格局 山区 |
| 其他题名 | Simulation of Mountain Population Distribution and Constructing Its Information System Based on Multi-source Spatial Data |
| 学位专业 | 地图学与地理信息系统 |
| 中文摘要 | 人口信息作为重要的社会经济数据，而传统的以行政区划界限为标准的人口统计数据无论是在理论概念上还是在应用范围上都逐步表现出其局限性。社会经济的可持续发展、资源承载力评估、规划等均迫切需要更高精度、更加灵活有效的表示和统计人口信息的新方法，人口数据空间化是一个可行的方法。人口数据空间化就是针对相关理论和应用研究的需要，在GIS环境支持下，将人口信息展布于地理空间之上，打破了长期以来人口信息受到行政区划的限制，具有重要的学术和现实意义。经过多年的发展，人们对人口信息空间化不断进行着尝试，最基本的方法包括空间插值、遥感反演和多因素综合分析等，各有所长。本文在借鉴前人研究的基础上，基于多源空间数据融合的思想，利用研究区2007年人口统计数据，确定影响山区人口分布的主要因素为地貌形态、土地利用、道路交通、河流水系以及居民点分布，并分析了人口分布与这些因素之间的相关性。以GIS软件和SPSS软件为工具，运用多源数据融合技术，以较客观的赋权方式确定影响因子权重，实现了山区人口数据空间化，并在此基础上，从定量的角度深入分析了山区人口分布的规律和格局。在山区地貌形态获取上，文章采用最佳地形特征空间分析和遥感的方法，建立山区地貌形态分类指标体系，实现了川滇黔接壤区地貌形态的识别，并大大降低了主观因素的影响，由于该方法充分考虑了多种因素的综合作用，该结果作为影响人口分布的地形因素。在居民点面积的确定上，充分考虑到人口分布的连续性和渐变性、人口的流动性以及各种居民点的辐射作用，引进了作用缓冲区的概念，并对作用缓冲区进行分级，取得了理想的效果。最后，文章以ArcGIS Engine 9.2 作为GIS平台，采用Visual Studio C# 2008 作为开发语言，设计和实现了研究区人口GIS的初步功能。文章最后章节中，对论文进行了总结，并对研究中存在的不足进行了较深入探讨，为今后进一步的研究指明了方向。 |
| 英文摘要 | Population data is one of the important social and economical information, however traditional population census data got by the administrative units has shown its limits both theoretically and practically gradually. So more precise, more flexible and more effective methods are in urgent needed for the sustainable development of the society and economy, and assessment of carrying capacity. Spatializing of population census data is one of the solutions to the above-mentioned problems. Spatializing of population data is to aim at requirements relative theory and application study, and to distribute statistical data of population to geographical space under GIS environments. It has broken the population data stemming from the long-time boundary line of the administrative division, and it has important academic and practical significance. For many years development of Spatializing of population data, a lot of have already tried it. The basic methods of population data spatializing contain spatial interpolation, Remote Sensing inversion and multi-factors synthesis analysis and so on, each having its applicability. Based on the previous studies and combining the thinking of multi-source space data fusion, using the population census data of 2007, we have ensured that the main population distribution-influenced factors contain terrain, land use, roads, rivers and distribution of residential area, and analyzed the relationships between population distribution and these factors. Using GIS software and SPSS software as tools, on the basis of the analysis on relationships above and multiple spatial sources data fusion technology, weight values of affecting factors were assigned objectively, and the paper has realized the spatializing of population data. And we have deeply analyzed the law and pattern of population distribution on the basis of the raster data in mountain area quantitatively. About getting topography in mountains, we have established index system of classification of mountain topography and realized the topography recognition in study area based on methods of optimal topography feature space and RS. The results greatly reduced the effects of the subjective factors. Because the method fully considered the combined effect of many factors, the results been used as the topographic factor affected the population distribution. About determining the residential area, for we fully considered the continuity and gradual change of population distribution, the mobility of population and radiation of various settlements, we have introduced the concept of the role of buffer, made the classification of the role of buffer, and achieved the desired effect. At last, using ArcGIS Engine 9.2 as GIS platform and Visual Studio C# 2008 as programming language, this paper designs and realizes the basic functions about the population GIS in study area. At the final chapter in the thesis, we have made a summary of the thesis, and the shortcomings in the study were discussed more in-depth which pointed the direction for the further study in future. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2013-01-24 |
| 源URL | [http://192.168.143.20:8080/handle/131551/4839]  |
| 专题 | 成都山地灾害与环境研究所_数字山地与遥感应用中心 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 曹伟超. 基于多源空间数据的山区人口分布模拟及其信息系统构建[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2011. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：成都山地灾害与环境研究所
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