全球变暖背景下海螺沟冰川近百年的变化
文献类型：期刊论文
| 作者 | 刘巧
|
| 刊名 | 冰川冻土
 |
| 出版日期 | 2009-02-15 |
| 卷号 | 31期号:1页码:75-81 |
| 关键词 | 海螺沟冰川 冰川变化 物质平衡 冰面形态 |
| 其他题名 | Changes in Hailuogou Glacier during the Recent 100 Years under Global Warming |
| 通讯作者 | 李宗省 |
| 合作状况 | 国内 |
| 中文摘要 | 海螺沟冰川是我国典型的温冰川之一,对100 a来各种观测资料的分析发现:海螺沟冰川自1823年以来末端海拔上升300 m,年均升高1.64 m,20世纪以来末端海拔上升速度加快;在20世纪呈现明显的退缩变化,76 a冰川后退1 821.8 m,年均后退24 m.运用冰川学方法恢复了海螺沟冰川45a来的物质平衡变化,45 a累积物质平衡值为-10 825.5 mm(水当量),年均平衡值为-240.6 mm(水当量).在全球变暖影响下,冰川雪线不断上升,冰川活动强烈,导致冰面形态发生了明显变化,具体表现为:冰川厚度不断变薄、大冰瀑布上出现巨大塌陷洞穴、冰面丘融化变形、冰面径流不断变大、冰川弧拱区裂隙密布等,冰川内部的径流冲刷和冰川表面的剧烈消融是海螺沟冰川表面形态发生显著变化的主要机制.总之,在全球变暖背景下,该冰川表现出以亏损为特征的退缩变化趋势. |
| 英文摘要 | Large changes,associated with global warming,have occurred at the Hailuogou Glacier,Mt Gongga,China,since the early 20th century.The terminal altitude of Hailuogou Glacier has retreated 300 m since 1 823 with an average retreat rate of 1.64 m·yr-1,and what is more,the retreat has accelerated since the 20th century.Various data indicate that,during the last century,the glacier retreated 1 821 m in the past 76 years,with an annual mean retreat rate of 24 m.The variation of mass balance in Hailuogou Glacier has been reconstructed by means of hydrological and glaciological methods.Mass balance records over the last 45 years show that the glacier has suffered a constant mass loss.The cumulative mass balance,10.83 m water equivalent,indicates a mean mass loss of-0.24 m water equivalent per year.The ablation period has lengthened and the ablation area has become larger in the glacier.As the climate has become warmer,the equilibrium line has risen and,since the 1980s,change in the glacier’s surface morphology has occurred.The change includes decrease of glacier thickness,enlargement of glacial caves and lakes,increase of surface runoff,cave-in in the big ice-fall,wide distribution of crevasse and reduction in the size of seracs.The crucial cause of the changes of the glacier’s surface morphology is heavy ablation on the ice surface and meltwater eroding the inner glacier.In a world,the Hailuogou Glacier has suffered a rapid loss of mass as a consequence of climate warming. |
| 资助信息 | 国家自然科学基金重点项目(90511007);中国科学院知识创新重要方向性项目(KZCXZ-YW-317);国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2007CB411201);中国科学院“西部之光”项目(0828A11001);冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室自主项目;丽江市委托项目 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2014-02-12 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.imde.ac.cn/handle/131551/6818]  |
| 专题 | 成都山地灾害与环境研究所_成都山地所知识仓储（2009年以前） 成都山地灾害与环境研究所_山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 刘巧. 全球变暖背景下海螺沟冰川近百年的变化[J]. 冰川冻土,2009,31(1):75-81. |
| APA | 刘巧.(2009).全球变暖背景下海螺沟冰川近百年的变化.冰川冻土,31(1),75-81. |
| MLA | 刘巧."全球变暖背景下海螺沟冰川近百年的变化".冰川冻土 31.1(2009):75-81. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：成都山地灾害与环境研究所
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