丝状微生物的固态发酵
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 孙涛 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 1998-03-01 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 导师 | 李佐虎 |
| 中文摘要 | 固态发酵是利用纤维素资源的关键技术，本文意在阐述该技术中的一些问题，并寻求解决方案。首先进行了纤溶酶和阿维菌素一般固态发酵的研究。为了强化固态基质内部的气、热传递，进行了纤维素酶、纤溶酶和阿维菌素的周期变压发酵实验，并取得了较好的结果。进行了纤维素酶的周期变温固态发酵实验，实验结论对实际固态发酵生产有一定的参考价值。采用的气流输送接种法，有效避免了杂菌的侵染。用气流输送的方法进行了固态发酵补料分批实验，结果表明采用补料分批技术可以明显提高酶的产量。以Fusarium oxysporum为实验菌种进行了连续固态发酵，可提高固态底物的利用率和纤溶酶产量。对固态发酵的纤溶酶进行了分离，选择了一条较为快速有效的分离提取路径。 |
| 索取号 | 固态发酵 ; 丝状微生物 ; 纤维素材料 |
| 英文摘要 | Solid state fermentations (SSF) are amongst the longest established food processing operations which continue to have significant use worldwide. This work attempts to address some of the problems and its resolutions. SSF is an alternative cultivation system for the production of high-cost microbial products and fungi have been widely utilized in SSF in the practical production of enzyme or chemicals. Rice chaff was used as the substrate for the production of fibrinolytic enzyme by Fusarium oxysporum successfully. The solid state fermentation of avermectin in laboratory scale was also conducted. An 8001 tray and a 21 column solid-state fermenters were designed, in which inhalation and exhalation was obtained by the periodic air pressure variations. The pressurized air increases substrate porosity, which enlarges the total surface of diffusion. By the normal force of pressure, air can be uptaken into and expelled from the intraparticle of the medium. Thus efficient aeration and heat removal were obtained without disrupting fungal mycelia. The positive influences of periodic air pressure or high oxygen partial pressure and consequently high oxygen availability and efficient heat removal were unambiguously shown as the results of increased productivity. Considerable temperature variations prevail especially in industrial scale fermentations resulting in severe limitations in mass, heat and momentum transfer. A laboratory system was developed in which oscillation o f temperature can be freely set and varied at any age of the culture. Cellulase productions in SSF by Trichoderma viride SL-1 were conducted in the system. The results are useful in the performances of SSF processes. A novel pneumatic transfer inoculation solid state fermentation process, which offered efficient operation continuity and control of contamination, was developed. In the system designed here, dry spores were used as inoculum which were transferred by turbulent aeration of high velocity, therefore inoculation was conducted continuously under aseptic condition. A versatile fed-batch system was developed and the monitoring of salt concentration in solid medium was achieved through integrating feed with aeration. Different feed modes were investigated that resulted in improved enzyme productivity. We recycled rice chaff a number of times to obtain economic utilization of the substrates for fibrinolytic enzyme production by Fusarium oxysporum. The results indicated that rice chaff substrate can be used more economically for enzyme production by successive cultivation, especially when immobilization technique was used. The conditions of extracting enzymes from the fermented mass were optimized. Fibrinolytic enzyme was purified using exclusion chromatography and ion exchange chromatography. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2014-06-25 |
| 页码 | 130 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.ipe.ac.cn/handle/122111/8326]  |
| 专题 | 过程工程研究所_研究所（批量导入） |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 孙涛. 丝状微生物的固态发酵[D]. 中国科学院研究生院. 1998. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：过程工程研究所
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