高盐发酵废液的电渗析脱盐及优化
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 杨文龙 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2013-04-01 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 导师 | 丛威 |
| 关键词 | 高盐发酵废液 电渗析 脱盐 脱色预处理 能耗 |
| 其他题名 | Desalting of Fermentation Wastewater with High Concentration of Salt by Electrodialysis |
| 学位专业 | 生物工程 |
| 中文摘要 | 发酵工业废水处理是困扰发酵生产企业的一大难题。在有机酸和氨基酸的发酵生产及提取过程中，需加入大量无机酸碱调节剂调剂pH值，导致产生含高盐浓度无机盐(浓度大于100 g·L-1)的发酵废水，此类废水难以直接采用传统的生化方法进行处理，解决高盐限制是处理此类废水的关键。随着传统电渗析技术的发展和双极膜电渗析技术的出现，为高盐浓度发酵工业废水脱盐提供了新的方法。 本论文以吸附交换法提取柠檬酸后的高盐废液和浓缩等电法提取谷氨酸后的高盐废液为例，根据高盐废液的性质和成分差异，分别采用双极膜电渗析脱盐同时再生酸碱和传统电渗析单纯脱盐的方法进行处理，并对脱盐的问题提出了改进方案、优化了操作条件，以降低脱盐能耗。主要结论如下： (1)针对柠檬酸吸交废液成分简单、杂质少、色度浅的特点，以硫酸铵溶液模拟柠檬酸吸交废液，采用双极膜电渗析技术对其进行脱盐，同时再生硫酸和氨水。结果显示，模拟废液中硫酸根脱除率可以达到99%，整个电渗析过程膜通量为4.38 mol·m-2·h-1，能耗为3.10 kWh·kg-1 SO42-。为了进一步减小膜两侧溶液中的盐浓度梯度，降低能耗，采用分级的方法对电渗析操作进行了优化。与单级双极膜电渗析相比，二级和三级双极膜电渗析全过程的膜通量分别提高了20%和9%，能耗分别降低了10%和4%。 (2)测定了浓缩等电提取谷氨酸后的废液中各物质的浓度，针对其成分复杂、杂质含量高，色度深的特点，采用传统电渗析对浓缩废液进行脱盐。比较了三种不同膜组合的电渗析脱盐过程及性能指标，结果显示使用GeCM-1109-2+GeAM-1109-2膜组合时废液电渗析脱盐的效果最好。选择该膜组合为后续实验用膜。 (3)采用调节谷氨酸浓缩废液初始pH值的方法减少电渗析脱盐过程中有机酸和氨基酸的迁移。结果显示，先调节废液初始pH值至2.00再进行电渗析脱盐，当废液中硫酸根脱除率达到85%时，乳酸、谷氨酸的迁移率分别不调节pH值时(pH 2.67)降低了53%和66%，但能耗略有升高。 (4)考察了脱色预处理对降低谷氨酸浓缩废液电渗析脱盐能耗的效果。分别采用活性炭和30%过氧化氢溶液对废液进行脱色处理，对脱色温度、脱色剂用量和脱色时间进行了优化。以活性炭为脱色剂，当用量为100 g·L-1废液和200 g·L-1废液时，在60 ℃条件下处理30 min，废液的脱色率分别可达61%和75%，脱色后废液电渗析脱盐能耗分别降低了19%和25%；以过氧化氢为脱色剂，当30%过氧化氢溶液与废液体积比为1:3时，处理温度60 ℃条件下氧化处理120 min，废液脱色率可以达到81%，电渗析脱盐能耗降低29%。 |
| 英文摘要 | Fermented industrial wastewater treatment is a major problem that plagued the fermentation production enterprises. During organic acids and amino acids fermentation and extraction process, a large number of inorganic acid and base are added, making inorganic salt concentration in the fermentation wastewater too high(greater than 100 g?L-1). So the traditional biochemical process can not be used to treat these fermentation wastewater. The high-salt limit is the key to dealing with such wastewater. With the development of conventional electrodialysis and the emergence of bipolar membrane electrodialysis technology, it provide a new method for industrial wastewater desalination with high salt concentration. In this thesis, fermentation wastewater with high salt concentration, which were generated in the citric acid adsorption and exchange extraction process and glutamate fermentation broth concentrated and isoelectric extraction process, are taken for examples. According to the characteristic and composition of high-salt wastewater, conventional electrodialysis is used to removal inorganic salts from wastewater with high salt concentration, or bipolar membrane electrodialysisis is used to desalt and regenerate acid and base from inorganic salt in wastewater. The desalting operation is optimized in order to reduce the energy consumption of desalination. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) For the simple composition, less impurities, light color of citric acid absorption adsorption and exchange wastewater, ammonium sulfate solution was used to simulate the citric acid adsorption and exchange wastewater and bipolar membrane electrodialysis is used to desalt from it and regenerate sulfuric acid and ammonia. The result is that, removal rate of SO42- is up to 99%, membrane flux of electrodialysis process is 4.38 mol?m-2?h-1, the energy consumption is 3.10 kWh?kg-1 SO42-. Mutil-stage bipolar membrane electrodialysis are used. Compared with the single-stage bipolar membrane electrodialysis, the membrane flux of two-stage and three-stage bipolar membrane electrodialysis have an increase of 20% and 9%. Compared with the single-stage bipolar membrane electrodialysis, energy consumption was reduced by 10% and 4 %, respectively. (2) Concentration of substances in glutamate fermentation broth concentrated and isoelectric wastewater are measured. For the complicated composition, more impurities, deep color of wastewater, conventional electrodialysis is used to desalte. The performance of three kinds of different membranes in electrodialysis process are compared. The result is that GeCM-1109-2+GeAM-1109-2 membrane composition performance better and is slected for the electrodialysis desalination. (3) Initial pH of concentrated glutamate wastewater is adjusted to reduce the migration of organic acids and amino acids in the process of electrodialysis desalination. It is shown that, when initial pH of the wastewater adjusted to 2.00, sulfate removal rate in the electrodialysis desalination process up to 85%, the migration of lactic acid and glutamic acid are lower 53% and 66% than it in original pH value (pH 2.67). However, energy consumption of electrodialysis process increase slightly. (4) The effect of decoloration pretreatment to reduce energy consumption in electrodialysis desalination of concentrated glutamate wastewater is studied. Activated carbon and hydrogen peroxide are used to pretreat the wastewater. Treatment temperature, dosage of decolorant, and processing time are optimizated. Activated carbon as decolorant, when the activated carbon dosage are 100 g?L-1 and 200 g?L-1, under the conditions of treatment temperature 60 °C, processing time 30 min, decolorization rate are up to 61% and 75%, respectively. The energy consumption of wastewaster decolorizated in electrodialysis are reduced by 19% and 25% than it without the activated carbon pretreatment. Hydrogen peroxide as decolorant, when volume of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution is just the one third of desalted solution, treatment temperature is 60 ℃, processing time is 120 min, decolorization rate of wastewater can reach 81%. There is a 29% reduction of energy consumption of the electrodialysis process. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2014-06-26 |
| 页码 | 96 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.ipe.ac.cn/handle/122111/8375]  |
| 专题 | 过程工程研究所_研究所（批量导入） |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 杨文龙. 高盐发酵废液的电渗析脱盐及优化[D]. 中国科学院研究生院. 2013. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：过程工程研究所
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