地形复杂度及其在生物多样性保护规划中的应用研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 田瑞云 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2013 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 王玉宽 |
| 关键词 | 气候变化 地形复杂度 生物多样性 保护规划 窗口分析 |
| 其他题名 | Topographic Complexity and Its Applcation in Conservation Planning of Biodiversity |
| 学位专业 | 环境工程 |
| 中文摘要 | 气候变化和生物多样性保护是全球环境及发展面临的两个最严峻的挑战。气候变化超出一定范围可能会影响甚至破坏生物多样性，气候变化环境下的生物多样性保护问题亟待解决。地形要素可以在一定程度上影响气候，同时地形与生物多样性分布格局具有一定的关系。本文在量化地形复杂度的基础上，探讨将地形复杂度应用于生物多样性保护规划中的应用研究的可行性，为应对气候变化，保护生物多样性提供新途径。以四川省为研究区，运用层次分析法筛选地形复杂度指标体系，邻域窗口统计分析法与几何运算相结合计算各指标参数，对比分析和综合分析相结合修正计算公式，对阶段性计算结果和最终结果都进行多方法检验，利用相关性分析、统计分析和对比分析方法分析地形、气候、生物多样性三者关系，证明地形复杂度应用于保护规划的可行性，提出应用建议。 本研究的主要结论： 1.筛选出地形单元多样性指数、海拔梯度多样性指数和地形湿度梯度多样性指数三个综合性的指标，分别从地形的类型多样、地势起伏和收敛能力综合量化地形复杂度。避免了目前对地形复杂度描述不够全面，且综合性差的缺点，同时结合两种描述方法的优点，采用统计算法和几何算法相结合的方法分析计算地形复杂度，达到从宏观的整体趋势，到微观的局部特征较全面的描述地形复杂度的目标。 2.提出的地形复杂度量化算法，其地学含义明确，并以四川省为例进行了验证，获得较好分析结果，用实例对所提出算法的有效性进行了验证。其中，综合多种地形要素，设定分类、分级指标，划分出13种典型地形单元类型，利用窗口分析法计算的地形单元多样性指数是可以描述地表形态多样性的综合指标。 3.气候暴露度与地形单元多样性、海拔梯度多样性和地形湿度梯度多样性三个指数均呈显著的负相关，表明了地形复杂度对气候变化具有一定的缓解作用。 4. 在100×100m的栅格数据分析基础上，地形复杂度与物种多样性具有显著的正相关性。现有自然保护区基本分布在复杂度较高的区域。表明了地形复杂度对生物多样性具有一定的“指示”作用。 5. 在气候变化背景下，地形复杂度可作为一个重要的考虑要素应用于生物多样性的保护规划中。 |
| 英文摘要 | Climate change and conservation of biodiversity are two of the most serious challenges in the global environment and development. Climate change can affect or even destroy biodiversity. Biodiversity conservation problem should be solved reacting climate change. Terrain elements can affect the climate. And topography and biodiversity has a certain relationship. Analysis the relationship of them on the basis of the complexity of the terrain quantified, and explore the feasibility of the terrain complexity index applied in biodiversity conservation planning, providing a new strategy of biodiversity conservation address climate change. In this paper, Sichuan Province as the study area, we filtered out the evaluating index system of the terrain complexity by Analytic Hierarchy Process. The neighborhood window statistical analysis and geometric operations combined to calculate each indicators and parameters. Test indicators, methodologies and the calculation results making use of its climate data and species data. Analyze the relationship during terrain, climate, and biodiversity using correlation analysis, statistical analysis and comparative analysis to, demonstrating the feasibility of applying the terrain complexity index to the conservation planning of biodiversity. The main conclusions of this study: 1. Topographic unit diversity, elevation gradient diversity, topographic wetness gradient diversity and local connectedness index were selected as quantitative indicators. It quantified the topographic complexity index compositing types, undulating terrain and convergence ability. 2. A new topographic complexity analysis algorithm, with the intelligible mathematical meaning and geography meaning, was presented. Sichuan Province were taken as the study area and analyzed to obtain a better analysis results. The verification on the effectiveness of the being proposed algorithm a living example. 3. Climate exposure has negative correlation with topographic unit diversity, elevation gradient diversity and topographic wetness gradient diversity. The result provided the mathematical basis for weight setting and the theoretical basis for index selection. And it show that the topographic complexity has effect on slowing down climate change. 4. Experiments show that the topographic complexity is positive correlation with species diversity, and the existing the basic nature reserve located in areas of high topographic complexity index. It proved the scientific rationality of the results of the analysis of the topographic complexity. 5. Under the pressure of climate change, the topographical complexity is an important factor and can be used in biodiversity conservation planning. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2014-08-26 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.imde.ac.cn/handle/131551/7143]  |
| 专题 | 成都山地灾害与环境研究所_山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 田瑞云. 地形复杂度及其在生物多样性保护规划中的应用研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2013. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：成都山地灾害与环境研究所
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