川藏公路安久拉山至古乡段雪崩灾害分布规律分析与分区
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 赵鑫 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2013 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 程尊兰 |
| 关键词 | 川藏公路 安久拉山至古乡段 雪崩灾害分布规律 雪崩灾害危险度分区 |
| 其他题名 | Avalanche Distribution Analysis and Hazard Zoning in Anjoula Mountain to Guxiang Section of Sichuan-Tibet Highway |
| 学位专业 | 建筑与土木工程 |
| 中文摘要 | 本论文以川藏公路南线安久拉山至古乡段，全长174.8km的廊道作为研究区，在野外实地考察、雪崩历史资料收集、遥感解译的基础上，研究川藏公路南线安久拉山至古乡段雪崩灾害分布规律；并通过雪崩形成条件分析，获取雪崩灾害分区指标因子，建立雪崩灾害危险度因子指标体系。在此基础上，对该路段进行雪崩灾害危险度分区。 论文取得的研究成果如下： 1．雪崩分布规律。对研究区内的90处雪崩进行统计分析，发现雪崩在空间分布上具有显著的特点，并进一步分析雪崩与具体地形因子海拔、坡度、坡向以及相对高差之间的相关关系。通过统计分析，发现安久拉山至古乡段的雪崩分布与地形因子之间具有以下相关效应：j雪崩的流域地貌效应，即雪崩主要分布在上游峡谷地貌区段；k雪崩的海拔效应，即雪崩主要分布在4300m-4900m的高度范围内，海拔过高和过低雪崩都不太发育；l雪崩的相对高差效应，即大多数雪崩的相对高差在300m-1100m之间，占到74.44%，相对高差是雪崩物质与能量的具体体现；m雪崩的坡度效应，即研究区雪崩绝大部分发生在30°- 40°之间的范围，大于或小于这个范围雪崩都不太发育；n雪崩的坡向效应，即阴坡较阳坡的雪崩数目明显占优势。 2．雪崩灾害因子指标体系。在雪崩形成条件分析的基础上，从气候因素、地形因素以及其他因素这三个方面，综合选取雪崩灾害危险度指标因子，建立雪崩灾害因子指标体系。 3．雪崩灾害危险度分区。根据研究区地貌条件、气象水文条件、植被条件等因素，将研究区划分成11个分区评价单元区段。应用层次分析法（AHP法）确定指标因子的权重，根据模糊综合评判法建立分区评价模型，对川藏公路安久拉山至古乡段进行雪崩灾害危险度分区，将研究区段划分为极严重、严重、中等、轻度、极微弱5个等级。最后，对该区段的雪崩灾害分区结果绘制成图。 4．分区结果对比验证。将定量分区结果与雪崩灾害实地分布情况进行对比分析，与实际情况相吻合，证实了定量分区结果是准确且合理的。 |
| 英文摘要 | The study area is Anjoula Mountain to Guxiang section of Sichuan-Tibet Highway corridor, which is about 174.8 kilometers long. On the basis of field investigate, collection of avalanche historical data and interpretation of remote sensing, we analysed the distribution of avalanche. And we analysed the avalanche forming conditions and obtained the index factors so as to establish the factor index system. On this basis, we conducted the analanche hazard zoning. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. The characteristics of avalanche distribution. We counted and analysed the 90 avalanche locations. And found the characteristics of avalanche distribution on space. Futher, we analysed the relationship between avalanche distribution and topographic factors, such as altitude, slope, aspect, relative elevation. Through statistical analysis, we obtain the characteristics of avalanche distribution: jAvalanche geomorpho effect, that avalanche is mainly distributed in the upper reaches of the canyon area; kAvalanche altitude effect, that the avalanche is mainly distributed in the 4300m-4900m height range, the area where too high and too low avalanche are less developed; lRelative elevation of the avalanche effect, that the majority of avalanche relative elevation between 300m-1100m, accounting for 74.44%, the relative elevation is a concrete manifestation of the avalanche of matter and energy; mAvalanche slope effect, that avalanche of the study area are most distribute in the range of 30° - 40° , avalanche on larger or smaller slope than this rangeare are less developed; nAvalanche aspect effect, that shady significantly compared to the number of sunny slope avalanche dominant. 2. Avalanche hazards index system. On the basis of the analysis of avalanche formation conditions, we chose a comprehensive the avalanche disaster risk index factors from three aspects of climate, opography and other factors, and established the avalanche hazard index system. 3. The avalanche hazard zoning. According to the geomorphological conditions of the study area, meteorological and hydrological conditions, vegetation conditions and other factors, the study area was divided into 11 the partition evaluation unit section. By Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), we determined the weights of the index factors and on basis of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, we created the model of avalanche hazard zoning, and then we zoned the Anjoula Mountain to the Guxiang, Sichuan-Tibet Highway, the study section was divided into 5 grade: critical, major, moderate, mild, very weak levels. Finally, we developed the avalanche hazard zoning map of this section. 4. The comparative analysis of zoning results. Quantitative zoning result is consistent with the actual situation of avalanche field distribution. So this confirmed the quantitative zoning results are accurate and reasonable. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2014-08-27 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.imde.ac.cn/handle/131551/7151]  |
| 专题 | 成都山地灾害与环境研究所_山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 赵鑫. 川藏公路安久拉山至古乡段雪崩灾害分布规律分析与分区[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2013. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：成都山地灾害与环境研究所
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