People have paid more and more attention to the environment as the development of industrialization in the world. It bears an important significance to environmental and eco-logical protection in developing environmental friendly lubricants. The often used envi-ronmental friendly lubricants are mainly contained of vegetable oils. Vegetable oils are re-producible source. But their practical application is limited because of bad low-temperature viscosity. A series of estolides were synthesized according to the isomerization theory which consumedly ameliorated low-temperature viscosity of vegetable oils. And the prod-uct with lower low-temperature fluidity can be obtained because cross-lactone continues to work with alcohol by esterification. Meanwhile, the effects of ionic liquids as solvent and nonionic surfactant as solubilization reagent on the reaction and the polymerization reac-tion mechanism were investigated. The effects of ionic liquid as solvent were investigated in the course of synthesis of estolide . The experimental results showed that its pour point reaches -17℃、viscosity reach 75mPa.s (40℃)and 11.5mPa.s (100℃)and viscosity index was 145、AV reaches 88 KOH/g、IV reaches 16.5. As nonionic surfactant，showed its pour point reaches -16℃、viscosity reach 75mPa.s (40℃)and 11.5mPa.s (100℃)and viscosity index was145、AV reaches 87 KOH/g、IV reaches 16.5. Comparative experiments were as follows: the reac-tion of two different synthesis systems, the performance received a considerable.But Preparation of ionic liquid is high energy and time consumpation, the non-ionic surfactant is easy to obtain. In order to adapt to the need for industrialization, the article mainly studied the preparation process of nonionic surfactant as microemulsion System. The use of the same catalyst, no nonionic surfactant was added in reaction, the experimental results were follows: pour point reaches -30℃; the viscosities of poly-oleic acid-isooctyl were 17.5mPa.s (40℃) and 4.2mPa.s (100℃); VI reaches 150; yield reaches 80%; acid value was 0.5 KOH/g. When we used nonionic surfactant, the optimal results were follows: pour point reaches -35℃; the viscosities of poly-oleic acid-isooctyl were 21.0mPa.s (40℃) and 5.2mPa.s (100℃); VI reaches 204; yield reaches 87%; acid value was 0.5 KOH/g. Experimental data: non-ionic surfactant to increase the existence of a two-phase reaction interface, and played a role in solubilization, to increase the utilization of the catalyst, reducing the pollution of the environment, the product performance to be better. Performance to be similar to the products, by no nonionic surfactant reaction system, it is necessary to increase the amount of perchloric acid catalyst 40%. In conclusion, the preparation process of the green lubricant base oil by the nonionic surfactant as solubilization reagent were simple, low cost and low pollution, so the preparation process was suitable for industrialization. Therefore, this techonoigy can replace the traditional process, and it has broad application prospects in promoting green production of green lubricants industry.