黄土塬区不同栽培模式下玉米蒸腾耗水规律的研究
文献类型：期刊论文
| 作者 | 王淑庆 ; 张岁岐 ; 王小林 |
| 刊名 | 中国生态农业学报
 |
| 出版日期 | 2013 |
| 卷号 | 21期号:04页码:432-439 |
| 关键词 | 黄土塬区 Loess Tableland 玉米 Maize 栽培模式 Cultivation patterns 茎流速率 Stem flow rate 蒸腾 Transpiration 气象因子 Meteorological factor |
| 其他题名 | Transpiration of maize under different cultivation patterns in the Loess Tableland |
| 中文摘要 | 采用基于热平衡法的茎流计对黄土塬区两种栽培模式下(传统模式Ⅰ和改进模式Ⅱ)玉米(Zea mays L.)的茎流变化进行连续监测,并结合试验区自动气象站同步测定的太阳辐射、气温、相对湿度和风速等气象因子,分析了黄土塬区不同栽培模式下玉米蒸腾耗水规律及其与气象因子的关系。结果表明:两种模式下玉米植株的茎流速率都表现出与太阳辐射同步的昼夜变化规律,且模式Ⅰ植株茎流速率大于模式Ⅱ植株茎流速率;玉米的日茎流量在抽雄期达到最大并且均随生育期的推移逐渐变小,这与植株叶面积指数的变化基本一致;从抽雄期到蜡熟期,模式Ⅰ和模式Ⅱ玉米群体叶面蒸腾量分别为115.18 mm和119.47 mm,棵间蒸发量模式Ⅱ(39.41 mm)较模式Ⅰ(64.81 mm)减少了39.2%,表明改进模式优化了玉米群体的蒸腾蒸发比率,有利于玉米水分利用效率的提高。除风速外,两种模式下植株的日茎流速率与太阳辐射、水汽压差、空气温度和相对湿度均存在较好的相关关系,达到极显著水平。 |
| 英文摘要 | Stem sap flow is a valuable plant water transportation parameter, meticulously indicating crop inner body water budget and driving natural growth of plants. Basic research on stem flow has not been completely enough in guiding dryland farming operations. It is therefore important to determine how stem flow reflects crop water balance under different cultivation models and to determine the relationship between water transport, cultivation pattern and environmental conditions. Sap flow rates of maize (Zea mays L.) under two cultivation patterns (traditional treatmentⅠ: “Shendan 16” at 45 000 plant·hm2 and N 225 kg·hm2 without mulching; improved treatmentⅡ: “Zhengdan 958” at 60 000 plant·hm2 and N 225 kg·hm2 and P2O5 112.5 kg·hm2 with mulching) were continually measured by stem flow gauges (operated on heat balance method) along with combined environmental factors such as solar radiation, air temperature, and relative humidity to analyze variations in maize transpiration in the Loess Plateau. The results showed obvious maize sap flow rates in rhythm of daily variation as same as the radiation. Plants under treatment I had higher stem flow rate than those under treatmentⅡ. The maximum daily sap flow rates of maize were at tasseling stage, with values dropping at latter growth stages under the two cultivation treatments. This variation was also coincident with leaf area index. From tasseling to waxing stage, maize transpiration under treatmentsⅠandⅡwere respectively 115.18 mm and 119.47 mm. Compared with treatment Ⅰ, soil evaporation under treatmentⅡdecreased by 39.2%. This implied that treatmentⅡoptimized the ratio of soil evaporation to maize evapotranspiration and improved WUE of the crop. Plant sap flow rates were affected by varied environmental factors, among which solar radiation was a critical meteorological factor. Daily sap flow rate per maize was significantly correlated with solar radiation, air temperature, vapor pressure deficit and relative humidity under both cultivation treatments. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2014-10-20 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.iswc.ac.cn/handle/361005/5541]  |
| 专题 | 水土保持研究所_水保所知识产出(1956-2013) |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 王淑庆,张岁岐,王小林. 黄土塬区不同栽培模式下玉米蒸腾耗水规律的研究[J]. 中国生态农业学报,2013,21(04):432-439. |
| APA | 王淑庆,张岁岐,&王小林.(2013).黄土塬区不同栽培模式下玉米蒸腾耗水规律的研究.中国生态农业学报,21(04),432-439. |
| MLA | 王淑庆,et al."黄土塬区不同栽培模式下玉米蒸腾耗水规律的研究".中国生态农业学报 21.04(2013):432-439. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：水土保持研究所
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