土壤渐进干旱过程中玉米、高粱茎水分传输能力与光合作用的协调性研究
文献类型：期刊论文
| 作者 | 赵丽敏 ; 李秧秧 ; 左力翔 |
| 刊名 | 中国生态农业学报
 |
| 出版日期 | 2013 |
| 卷号 | 21期号:07页码:817-07 |
| 关键词 | 玉米 Corn 高粱 Sorghum 光合作用 Photosynthesis 水分传输 Water transport 气穴化 Cavitation |
| 其他题名 | Coordination between stem water transport capacity and photosynthesis in |
| 中文摘要 | 以两种不同抗旱性的玉米品种("陕单21"和"郑单958")和高粱品种("晋中405"和"晋杂12")为对象,研究了土壤渐进干旱过程中茎木质部水分传输能力与光合作用之间的协调关系,试图揭示玉米和高粱品种抗旱性差异的水力生理机制。结果表明:(1)相同土壤干旱程度下,玉米品种"郑单958"的叶水势、净光合速率(Pn)、最大光化学量子效率(Fv/Fm)和PSⅡ实际量子效率(ΦPSⅡ)高于"陕单21",其气孔导度(Gs)及蒸腾速率(Tr)则低于"陕单21"。高粱品种"晋杂12"的Pn和ΦPSⅡ高于"晋中405"。表明玉米品种"郑单958"和高粱品种"晋杂12"的抗旱性相对较强。(2)土壤渐进干旱过程中,玉米和高粱光合气体交换参数(Pn、Gs及Tr)的下降早于叶绿素荧光参数(Fv/Fm、ΦPSⅡ)的下降,表明气孔关闭比PSⅡ活性受损要早。(3)抗旱性强的玉米品种"郑单958"和高粱品种"晋杂12"同时具有相对高的水分传输能力,其抵抗气穴化形成的能力更强,但高粱抵抗气穴化的能力不如玉米,高粱通过快速的栓塞来减少水分散失。(4)玉米Pn和Gs对茎木质部水分传输能力下降的敏感性高于高粱,抗旱性强的玉米和 |
| 英文摘要 | Despite the fact of a strong linkage has been noted between xylem water transport capacity and photosynthesis in several woody plant species, not much research has studied such linkage in herbaceous plants. Herbaceous plants could be more vulnerable to drought-induced embolism than woody plants due to their lower xylem structure. Hence in a pot experiment, this paper investigated the coordination between stem water transport capacity and photosynthesis in corn cultivars (“Shaandan 21” and “Zhengdan 958”) and sorghum cultivars (“Jinzhong 405” and “Jinza 12”) during progressive soil drying. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the differences in sensitivity of photosynthesis to drought-induced embolism in maize and sorghum cultivars and the related hydro-physiological mechanisms of drought resistance. The results indicated that: (1) Drought-resistant corn cultivar “Zhengdan 958” had higher leaf water potential, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), maximum photochemical quantarum efficiency (Fv/Fm), maximum actual quantarum efficiency (ΦPSⅡ ) and lower stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) than drought-sensitive corn cultivar “Shaandan 21”. Also drought-resistant sorghum cultivar “Jinza 12” had higher Pn and ΦPSⅡ than drought-sensitive sorghum cultivar “Jinzhong 405”. This suggested that “Zhengdan 958” corn cultivar and “Jinza 12” sorghum cultivar had relatively stronger drought-resistance. (2) Drought induced different degrees of decreases in leaf water potential, photosynthetic gas exchange (Pn, Gs and Tr) and in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm and ΦPSⅡ) in both corn and sorghum cultivars. Gas exchange decreased earlier than fluorescence parameters during progressive soil drying. This implied that stomata closed earlier to prevent drought-induced damage to PSⅡ activity. (3) Drought-resistant corn cultivar “Zhengdan 958” and sorghum cultivar “Jinza 12” had higher water transport capacities and stronger cavitation resistance than drought-sensitive “Shaandan 21” and “Jinzhong 405”, respectively. Sorghum had a weaker cavitation resistance than corn, suggesting that sorghum cultivars reduced water loss through rapid embolism. (4) Pn and Gs in corn cultivars showed greater sensitivity to declining water transport capacity than those in sorghum cultivars. Also Gs in drought-resistant corn and sorghum cultivars showed greater sensitivity to declining water transport capacity than those in drought-sensitive cultivars. Sorghum maintained certain photosynthesis at low water potential compared with maize, reflecting its higher conservative water use strategy. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2014-10-24 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.iswc.ac.cn/handle/361005/5605]  |
| 专题 | 水土保持研究所_水保所知识产出(1956-2013) |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 赵丽敏,李秧秧,左力翔. 土壤渐进干旱过程中玉米、高粱茎水分传输能力与光合作用的协调性研究[J]. 中国生态农业学报,2013,21(07):817-07. |
| APA | 赵丽敏,李秧秧,&左力翔.(2013).土壤渐进干旱过程中玉米、高粱茎水分传输能力与光合作用的协调性研究.中国生态农业学报,21(07),817-07. |
| MLA | 赵丽敏,et al."土壤渐进干旱过程中玉米、高粱茎水分传输能力与光合作用的协调性研究".中国生态农业学报 21.07(2013):817-07. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：水土保持研究所
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