四川省山丘区农村公共物品投资的动态跟踪研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 何春燕 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2014 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 翟琦巍 |
| 关键词 | 山丘区 农村公共投资 动态跟踪 投资效率 影响因素 |
| 其他题名 | Dynamic Tracing Study on Rural Public Goods Investment in the Hilly and Mountainous Areas in Sichuan Province |
| 学位专业 | 人文地理学 |
| 中文摘要 | 农村公共物品投资是农村经济发展的重要支撑，是改善农民生产生活条件的物质基础，是社会主义新农村建设和实现城乡一体化发展的有效手段。四川省是西部典型的农业大省和山区大省，山丘区面积占全省总面积的96.32%%，山丘区地形复杂，生态环境脆弱，农村地区普遍存在交通、水利等基础设施建设落后，公共服务体系不健全，公共物品供需矛盾突出，公共投资难度大等问题，导致农业综合效益不高、农民负担过重、农村社会事业发展滞后。因而，研究山丘区农村公共物品投资变化特征、效率及影响因素，明确公共投资的综合效益，对有效配置公共资源，优化农村公共物品投资结构，促进山丘区农村生产发展，提高农民生活水平，改善农民生活环境，推动农村可持续发展具有重要的理论和现实意义。 论文在对已有文献系统综述的前提下，从交叉学科的角度出发，以计量经济学、地理学的相关理论和方法为主轴，以四川省山丘区20个样本村为研究单元，以2000-2003年、2004-2007年、2008-2011年为时间段，对该地区农村公共物品投资及其影响因素进行动态跟踪研究。在定性定量分析农村公共投资动态变化基础上，针对山丘区这一特殊的地形区，以地形起伏度为衡量标准，深入探究了地形与农村公共投资的关系，并以农民需求为出发点分析公共投资的意愿及满意度。引入多元变量回归模型，分析影响山丘区农村公共投资的决定因素及动态特征，并比较山区村和丘陵村影响因素的差异。建立投入、产出指标体系，采用数据包络分析法（DEA模型）评估山丘区农村公共投资的效率及动态变化特征，承接DEA模型对效率的评估结果，利用Tobit计量经济模型分析农村公共投资效率的显著影响因素。最后对四川省山丘区农村公共投资提出对策建议。主要有以下结论： （1）四川省山丘区农村公共投资项目的范围较广，类型呈增多趋势，公共投资因地形不同而差异显著，农民对公共投资整体满意度逐年提升：①山丘区农村公共投资中，村级以上政府投资份额占较大比例，且还在逐年增加投资，村自筹资金份额所占比例偏小，且逐年递减。②较富裕地区农村公共项目更多自主解决，贫困村的公共投资主要来源于上级政府，但由于富裕村对公共投资具有良好的配套能力，相对于贫困村，所获得上级政府公共投资项目数和资金总额都更大；环境敏感村由于自然生态条件较差，更容易获得村级以上政府的投资。③地形起伏度较高的村能获得更多的公共物品投资，且这些投资中大部分用于修路修桥等基础设施建设。④四川省山丘区的修路修桥、生活用水设施等公共项目的社会效益是随时间呈递增趋势，现阶段仅有修路修桥、生活用水及修建诊所基本满足农民需要，农民对公共物品投资的整体满意度是逐年提高的，单项投资项目的满意度有升有降。 （2）地形、区位、交通一直对山丘区农村公共投资具有显著影响，近年来，工商业活动、村集体及村民的需求也逐渐成为农村公共投资的决定因素：①2000-2003年，地形和交通对四川省山丘区农村公共物品投资具有极显著影响；2004-2007年，外出劳动力比重增加成为农村公共投资的重要制约因素；2008-2011年，地形、交通及工商业活动对农村公共投资具有决定性影响。②对于村级以上政府的公共投资，工商业活动等需求要素一直是主要决定因素。③对山区村和丘陵村进行对比，发现区位、交通因素对山区村和丘陵村公共物品投资影响都较显著；相比于山区村，工商业对丘陵村的影响更大，人口对山区村的影响作用明显高于丘陵村。 （3）山丘区农村公共物品投资综合效率呈现先降低、后增高的趋势，纯技术效率相对较高，综合效率结构趋于合理：①山丘区农村公共物品投资综合效率、纯技术效率及规模效率整体上呈现先降低、后增高的动态变化趋势；农村公共投资技术效率相对较高，综合效率结构趋于合理。②对于山区村，公共投资的综合效率和规模效率波动性相对较强，而纯技术效率变化趋于平缓；规模效率低下是造成公共投资低效率的主要原因。③对于丘陵村，公共投资综合效率和规模效率呈现先降后增的趋势，纯技术效率较大且波动小；规模效率对公共投资效率提高起关键性作用。 （4）自然地形、区位、交通一直是山丘区农村公共物品投资效率的重要影响因素，村级民主制度建设、村治理情况等逐渐成为新时期影响公共投资效率的关键因素。2000-2003年，村经济发展是促进山丘区公共投资效率提高的关键因素，地形、交通的影响次之；2004-2007年，地形、区位交通及人口对农村公共投资效率产生极显著的作用；2008-2011年，村治理情况对公共投资效率的影响日益明显。 （5）应对山丘区农村公共物品投资现存问题，促进农村社会经济协调发展的对策建议：进一步强调和重视山丘区农村公共投资，对于贫困村取消配套要求，村级以上政府承担全部公共投资，确保公共服务的公平性；大力推行村级民主制度建设，在村级社区范围内建立公共物品投资需求偏好的表达机制；构建多方利益保障和多层次的筹资机制，加强农村公共投资的决策和监督；不断提高山丘区农村公共物品投资效率，加快增长方式转变，提高经济整体质量。 |
| 英文摘要 | Rural public goods investment is a crucial support for rural economic development , the material basis of improving living conditions of farmers and an effective means of building a new socialist countryside and achieving integration of urban and rural development. Sichuan Province is a typical agricultural province and mountainous province, in which hilly area accounts for 96.32% of the total area. Because of difficult terrain, fragile ecological environment, prevalence of transportation, water conservancy and other infrastructure behind in rural areas, unsound public service system, obvious contradiction between supply and demand of public goods and hard to implement, there are lots of problems in hilly and mountainous areas such as the low overall efficiency of agriculture, excessive burden on farmers, backwardness of rural social development and so on. Thus, study on the changes of characteristics, efficiency and influencing factors of rural public goods investment has important theoretical and practical significance for allocating public resources effectively, optimizing the investment structure of rural public goods, developing rural production, improving farmers' living standards and promote sustainable development in hilly and mountainous areas. Under the premise of a systematic review of the literature, starting from the perspective of interdisciplinary, making theories and methods of econometrics and geography as the spindle, 20 villages of hilly and mountainous areas in Sichuan Province as research unit and 2000 - 2003 , 2004 - 2007 , 2008 - 2011 as time period, this study make a dynamic tracing analysis of rural public goods investment and its influencing factors. On the basis of qualitative and quantitative analysis of the whole dynamic changes on rural public investment, for hilly and mountainous areas, taking terrain prominence as measurement, this study make a deep analysis of relationship between topography and public investment and the willingness and satisfaction of public investment from the starting point of farmers' needs. Then, multivariable regression model are used to study the determinants of public investment, and influencing factors of public investment in hilly villages and mountainous villages are compared parallelly. Next, data envelopment analysis (DEA model) is applied to assess efficiency of public investment at different times by establishing inputs, outputs index system. Following the results of DEA model, Tobit econometric model are employed to find out the factors which affect the investment efficiency significantly. Finally, suggestions and recommendations of rural public goods investment of hilly and mountainous areas in Sichuan province are proposed. The conclusions are as follows: (1)Range of public investment projects of hilly and mountainous areas in Sichuan province was wide and the type showed an increasing trend. Public investments changed with terrain significantly and overall satisfaction of farmers increased year by year: ①For rural public investment, investment from government had a large proportion and still increased, while investment from village had a small proportion and gradually declined.② Most of public goods were invested by themselves in affluent rural areas, while in poor villages the public investment were mainly from government. Rich villages had a good ability to support public investment, so they got larger number and amount of government investment. Due to poor ecological conditions, environmentally sensitive villages were easier access to government's investment.③ high degree of topography villages gained more investment in public goods, and the majority of these investments were used in building roads and bridges. ④The social benefit of roads and bridges projects and domestic water facilities showed an increasing trend over time in hilly and mountainous areas, at this stage only roads and bridges projects, domestic water and clinics met the needs |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.imde.ac.cn/handle/131551/8038]  |
| 专题 | 成都山地灾害与环境研究所_山区发展研究中心 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 何春燕. 四川省山丘区农村公共物品投资的动态跟踪研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2014. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：成都山地灾害与环境研究所
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