中高温复合结构储热材料的制备及性能研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 葛志伟 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2014-04 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 导师 | 丁玉龙 |
| 关键词 | 中高温 复合结构 储热材料 相变材料 |
| 其他题名 | Investigations on Preparation and Property of Medium- and High-Temperature Composite Materials for Thermal Energy Storage |
| 学位专业 | 材料学 |
| 中文摘要 | 可再生能源热利用的间歇性以及工业余热的分散性和大能级跨度都需要储热技术，其中开发高性能储热材料是发展储热技术的关键技术之一。本论文研究了中高温领域应用的复合结构储热材料及其储/释热性能。主要内容和结论包括： 1) 对于能够满足中高温储热应用的多种材料进行了筛选。首先对无机熔盐作为固-液相变材料进行了筛选，对优选的熔盐相变材料的热性能进行了深入研究；其次探讨了无机熔盐相变材料与陶瓷以及碳材料的热化学相容性。发现相变熔点以及相变潜热对相变储热材料的筛选具有重要性，优选的碳酸共晶熔盐相变材料具有较好的热性能；氯化盐、硫酸盐与常规陶瓷材料以及碳酸熔盐与碱性陶瓷氧化物具有较好的热化学相容性；相比于碳酸熔盐-碱性氧化物复合体系，碳材料对硫酸盐-二氧化硅以及硫酸盐-碳化硅复合体系的热化学相容性的影响更大。 2) 基于中高温复合材料体系的筛选，进一步探讨了复合材料结构组建的方法、结构特性及其结构形成机制。发现单轴冷压-液压烧结的方法适合无机熔盐作为相变材料、陶瓷材料作为结构支撑材料以及碳材料作为导热性能强化材料的复合结构储热材料的制备；润湿竞争机制决定了储热材料复合结构的形成，实现了结构中无机熔盐的高含量以及碳材料的均匀分布。 3) 基于复合结构储热材料的结构形成机制，研究了复合结构与相变特性和导热性能之间的关系，并探讨了复合结构储热材料的储/释热性能。发现碳材料增强了复合结构中熔盐的结晶度，而陶瓷材料的熔盐液相烧结结构提高了碳材料对复合体系的导热性能强化作用；复合结构储热材料具有较好的储/释热功率特性。 4) 基于复合结构储热材料的储/释热性能通过结构调控实现了优化，进一步探讨了其应用情况。复合结构储热材料表现出较好的应用前景。 |
| 英文摘要 | The intermittent nature of renewable energy in heat utilization and the wide grade span and random dispersion of the industrial waste heat all need thermal energy storage (TES) technology. Development of a high-performance material is regarded as one of the most promising keys for TES. In this work, we introduce a composite material consisting of a molten salt infused microstructure for medium- and high- temperature TES applications. The main conclusions of this thesis are as follows: 1) Materials were selected to meet the requirements for medium- and high- temperature TES applications. First, molten salt based solid-liquid phase change materials (PCM) were selected. Then, the thermal performance of preferred molten salt was studied followed by evaluation of thermo-chemical compatibility among molten salt based PCM, ceramic material and carbon. Results show the importance of melting point and latent heat for PCM selection and the preferred eutectic carbonates have superior thermal properties; Good thermo-chemical compatibility were achieved in sulfate and chloride based PCM with conventional ceramic system and carbonate based PCM with alkaline oxide ceramic material; Compared to carbonate based PCM with alkaline oxide system, carbon material has a large impact on thermo-chemical compatibility in sulfate based PCM with silicon oxide or silicon carbide system. 2) Based on the selection of material, prepared methods, structural characteristics and developing mechanism of the composite were further studied. Uniaxial cold compression-liquid phase sintering was a suitable method for micro-structured composite with a molten salt based PCM, a ceramic based structural support material and a carbon based thermo-conductive material; Competitive wetting determined the structure development of the entire composite with a high molten salt content and a uniform carbon material dispersion. 3) Based on the structural development of the composite, the relationships of structure with phase change properties and thermal conductivity, and heat storage/release performance of the composite were both studied. The degree of PCM crystallinity was enhanced in composite by the carbon material, while thermal conductivity was improved by the liquefied structure of the ceramic in molten salt; Composite with a high power density could be achieved. 4) Based on the enhancement of composite heat storage/release performance through microstructures, applications of the composite were further studied. Composite shows a good performance of application leading to part of the results applicable widely. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2015-07-08 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.ipe.ac.cn/handle/122111/15546]  |
| 专题 | 过程工程研究所_研究所（批量导入） |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 葛志伟. 中高温复合结构储热材料的制备及性能研究[D]. 中国科学院研究生院. 2014. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：过程工程研究所
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