射电天文台址电磁辐射评估技术的研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 李颖
|
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2015 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 |
| 导师 | 孙正文 |
| 关键词 | 射电天文 电子设备 辐射特性 测试评估 软件系统 |
| 其他题名 | Study of Electromagnetic Radiation Assessment for Radio Astronomy Site |
| 学位专业 | 理学 |
| 中文摘要 | 射电天文业务是接收来自遥远宇宙天体的射电信号进行研究的科学。由于来自宇宙天体的射电天文信号非常微弱，比通信系统的信号暗弱几乎百万倍，这使得射电天文望远镜对周围的电磁环境要求极其严格。射电天文台址应选在电磁环境良好的地区，并在以后的运行中得到电磁环境的保护。随着射电天文技术的发展，射电天文观测系统的电磁兼容问题也日益严重。掌握系统电磁兼容性的优劣有利于工程项目的管理及决策，有利于系统设计及技术改造。并且射电望远镜具有极高的系统灵敏度，且系统内、系统间及台址内电子设备众多。科学合理的评估台址内电子设备辐射发射对射电天文观测的影响，对系统电磁兼容性设计、台址无线电管理、屏蔽设计等具有重要意义。 针对射电天文台址，首先，文章分析了射电天文台址电磁辐射评估系统的硬件组成以各硬件部分的功能；介绍了射电望远镜系统灵敏度及射电天文领域仪器设备辐射发射相关评估标准，基于射电望远镜系统灵敏度及观测需求，计算了南山25 米射电望远镜馈源口面干扰电平限值；并给出了天线旁瓣增益的计算方法。 其次，基于电磁辐射评估系统的评估流程，对电磁辐射评估软件的需求分析进行了研究，通过分析评估过程的评估流程、数据传递及数据存储，给出了评估软件的流程图，数据流图及关键的二位插值程序流程图；分析了电磁辐射评估过程中的主要数据特征，开发了基于数据源、数据库的数据存储及管理模块；最后，基于Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 开发平台，通过大量的程序调试与优化，完成了电磁辐射评估软件开发，能够对仪器设备辐射特性进行快速测试、分析与评估。 射电天文台址电磁辐射评估软件开发实现了系统校准、仪器设备辐射特性测试、射电望远镜干扰电平限值计算、电磁辐射评估及数据管理等功能，解决了手动测试效率低，数据处理繁琐，数据管理混乱等问题，为射电天文台址电磁兼容性改造和射电望远镜系统兼容性设计提供了重要的参考依据。 |
| 英文摘要 | Radio astronomy is the science that studies distant objects in the universe by collecting and analyzing the radio waves emitted by those objects. Because radio astronomy signals from cosmic objects is very weak, almost a million times fainter than signals of communication system, which makes radio telescope requires extremely stringent on surrounding electromagnetic environment. A radio astronomy site should be selected in a good area of electromagnetic environment and protected by electromagnetic environment in subsequent runs. With the development of radio astronomy technology, electromagnetic compatibility radio astronomy observation systems are becoming increasingly serious. Electromagnetic compatibility grasps the merits of the system in favor of management and decision-making projects, helping system design and technological innovation. Also, the radio telescope system has high sensitivity, and there are many electronic devices within the system and the station site. It has important significance for the system design of electromagnetic compatibility, the radio station site management and shielding design to assess reasonably the impact of electronic devices emit radiation for radio astronomical observations at the station site. For radio astronomy site, firstly, the article analyzes the hardware components of electromagnetic radiation assessment system at radio astronomy site and various hardware functions, and introduces the radio telescope system sensitivity and radio astronomy equipment radiated emission-related evaluation criteria. Based on the radio telescope system sensitivity and observation requirements, it calculates the level of interference limits at the Nanshan 25m radio telescope aperture, and gives the calculation method of the antenna side lobe gain. Secondly, based on the evaluation process of electromagnetic radiation evaluation system, the demand for electromagnetic radiation evaluation software analyzes were studied. Through analyzing the evaluation process, data transfer and data storage, the flow chart of evaluation software, data flow diagrams and the key interpolation process flow chart were given, and the main data characteristics of the electromagnetic radiation assessment process were analyzed. It developed management module and data storage based on the data source and database. Finally, based on Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 development platform, through a lot of debugging and optimization, it has completed the development of electromagnetic radiation evaluation software, which are capable of rapid radiation characteristic testing, analysis and evaluation for equipment. Electromagnetic radiation assessment software development for radio astronomy site achieved system calibration, equipment radiation characteristics test, radio telescope interference level limit calculating, electromagnetic radiation assessment and data management capabilities, etc. It addressed low manual test efficiency, data processing cumbersome, data management confusion and other problems. It provides an important reference for radio astronomy site electromagnetic compatibility and radio telescope transformation system compatibility design. |
| 学科主题 | 天体物理 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.xao.ac.cn/handle/45760611-7/649]  |
| 专题 | 研究生 新疆天文台_射电天文研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 李颖. 射电天文台址电磁辐射评估技术的研究[D]. 中国科学院新疆天文台. 中国科学院大学. 2015. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：新疆天文台
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