Jiangjia Ravine, situated in north part of Yunnan Province is a tributary on the right bank of the Xiaojiang River, where the upper reaches are in Huize county and the lower reaches are in Dongchuan. It is a typical rainstorm debris flow ravine, which has a large scale, great damage and frequent occurence. The debris flow in Jiangjia Ravine is of various types，complete processes and variation on flow region. It takes the viscous debris flow as principal type, as well as has micro-viscous, transition and plastic debris flows. From this, the physical conditions a.bounding in gifts of nature are supplied to develop institution of observational experiment, forecasting, prediction and bring test sample under control, as well as become one of the ideal spots to carry out the field observationial research on debris flow at home and abroad. Since 1961, the station has been set up and began to conduct debris flow observation and control practice, it is the first manual-automatic observational institution centre of debris flow open to home and abroad, which has 7 systems for observational experiment. There are many experts, students from Japan, U.S.A. , New zealand, Germany etc. to work, practice and visit in this
centre early or later. Since 1961, especially from 1980 to now, a lot of data and scientific materials have been accumulated and internal or external experts get abundant rearch results. In this chapter, it is the principal aim to introduce characteristics of the watershed and the fundamental specific characters of debris flow body.