中国科学院机构知识库网格
Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid
PPP1R3G基因功能研究

文献类型:学位论文

作者罗小琳
学位类别博士
答辩日期2010-01-28
授予单位中国科学院上海生命科学研究院营养科学研究所
授予地点中国科学院上海生命科学研究院
导师陈雁
关键词饥饿-进食循环 餐后血糖平衡 肝糖原合成 PPP1R3G
学位专业生物化学与分子生物学
中文摘要大多数哺乳动物一生中要经历无数次饥饿-进食循环。随着饥饿时间延长,血糖浓度缓慢下降;在进食时,血糖浓度又急剧上升,随后快速回复到生理水平。其中,胰岛素通过增加外周组织葡萄糖吸收和减少肝脏葡萄糖异生等机制在餐后血糖的回复过程中起重要作用。长期餐后血糖平衡失调将导致许多严重的疾病,如二型糖尿病和心血管疾病。部分餐后血糖被肝脏吸收后,除了提供机体正常代谢所需的能量外,剩余的将以糖原的形式储存起来。肝脏是血糖的感受器,肝糖原的代谢对餐后血糖平衡的调控起着至关重要的作用。蛋白磷脂酶1(PP1)通过失活糖原磷酸化酶和激活糖原合酶在肝糖原的代谢中起重要作用。我们的实验鉴定了蛋白磷脂酶1的一个新的糖原定位亚基-PPP1R3G,并且发现该亚基的表达受饥饿-进食循环的调节。PPP1R3G在饥饿时逐渐上调,而进食时快速下调。我们的结果还表明,作为PP1的糖原定位亚基,PPP1R3G促进肝糖原合成。更重要的是,在小鼠肝脏中过表达PPP1R3G使餐后血糖加速回复到生理水平,而通过shRNA的方式降低 PPP1R3G的水平会使餐后血糖回复到生理水平的过程变慢。我们的结果还表明,PPP1R3G这种对餐后血糖的调节不是依赖提高胰岛素的敏感性,而是通过促进餐后肝糖原的快速合成。因此,我们认为饥饿所诱导的PPP1R3G上调正是为了让肝脏通过快速合成糖原的方式为接下来的进食所引起的血糖上升做好准备。通过PPP1R3G表达水平饥饿时逐渐上调,而进食时快速下调,肝糖原积极地参与了餐后血糖平衡的调节。我们认为PPP1R3G在维持餐后血糖平衡上发挥了重要作用。
索取号D2010-003
英文摘要Most animals are experiencing fasting-feeding cycles throughout their lives. Upon feeding, the rise of blood glucose level is reduced by increasing glucose uptake in peripheral tissues, mainly regulated by blood glucose concentration and insulin/glucagon ratio. Dysregulation in blood glucose homeostasis is associated with many disorders such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Liver is actively involved in removal of postprandial blood glucose via glycogen synthesis. However, how hepatic glycogenesis is coupled with the fasting-feeding cycle to control postprandial blood glucose homeostasis remains unclear. Here we show that PPP1R3G, a novel regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) crucial for liver glycogenesis, is implicated in the regulation of glucose homeostasis in a manner orchestrating with the fasting-feeding cycle. PPP1R3G in the liver is gradually upregulated upon fasting and quickly downregulated upon refeeding. PPP1R3G interacts with the catalytic subunit of PP1 and increases glycogen synthesis in hepatocytes by targeting PP1 to the glycogen. The speed of postprandial blood glucose reverting to physiologic range in the mouse is markedly accelerated when PPP1R3G is overexpressed in the liver. In contrast, knockdown of PPP1R3G in the liver greatly decelerates postprandial clearance of blood glucose. We propose that during fasting, upregulated PPP1R3G prepares the liver for rapid glycogenesis and reduction of blood glucose upon feeding. Through cyclic PPP1R3G changes, hepatic glycogenesis is tightly geared to the fasting-feeding cycle to control postprandial blood glucose homeostasis.
语种中文
源URL[http://202.127.25.144/handle/331004/121]  
专题中国科学院上海生命科学研究院营养科学研究所_信号转导与营养相关疾病研究组
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
罗小琳. PPP1R3G基因功能研究[D]. 中国科学院上海生命科学研究院. 中国科学院上海生命科学研究院营养科学研究所. 2010.

入库方式: OAI收割

来源:上海营养与健康研究所

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