中国科学院机构知识库网格
Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid
一类全方位移动机械手的建模与控制研究

文献类型:学位论文

作者谭湘敏
学位类别工学博士
答辩日期2009-05-26
授予单位中国科学院研究生院
授予地点中国科学院自动化研究所
导师易建强
关键词全方位移动机械手 建模 控制 轨迹跟踪 不确定性 Omnidirectional mobile manipulator Modeling Control Trajectory tracking Uncertainty
其他题名Modeling and Control of Omnidirectional Mobile Manipulator systems
学位专业控制理论与控制工程
中文摘要移动机械手结合了移动机器人和机械手的优点,通过将移动平台和机械手有机地结合起来,移动机械手系统在理论上拥有几乎无限大的工作空间和灵活的操作性。因此,其建模和控制问题的研究具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。本文以全方位移动机械手系统为背景,结合国家自然科学基金项目“移动机械手的协调运动规划与控制(No.60475030)”,对其建模与控制问题展开研究。 首先,简要地介绍了机器人的产生背景和历史意义,通过对固定座式机械手和移动机器人的详细说明,引出了移动机械手的概念,并从基础理论研究和工程实践的角度说明了相关研究的目的和意义。同时,对移动机械手系统建模与控制问题作了全面的综述,并阐述了选题背景和论文主要内容。 其次,详细介绍了一种全方位移动机械手系统的机械体系结构、运动控制系统、传感器系统,并对该系统的特点进行初步分析。同时,设计了一种基于多线程技术的控制软件,并详细地说明了该控制软件的体系结构、架构方法和工作流程。 第三,应用拉格朗日力学法详细地建立了全方位移动机械手系统的一体化动力学模型,然后分析了该模型的性质,并根据所得到的一体化动力学模型,设计了一种轨迹跟踪控制器,仿真实验说明了模型的正确性和控制算法的有效性。 第四,通过对全方位移动机械手系统的机械体系结构分析,运用牛顿-欧拉法建立了全方位移动平台的运动学模型和全方位移动机械手的一体化运动学模型,并设计了基于运动学模型的轨迹跟踪控制器,通过仿真实验说明了模型的正确性和控制算法的有效性。 第五,结合全方位移动平台的运动学模型和全方位移动机械手的一体化动力学模型,提出了一种计算全方位移动平台和机械手之间耦合作用的方法,并进一步设计了一种基于运动学模型和动力学模型的轨迹跟踪控制方法,仿真结果显示了其有效性。 第六,针对全方位移动机械手中模型不确定性和外部扰动的影响,提出了一种基于运动学和动力学相结合的神经网络自适应控制框架。在这种控制框架下,对于全方位移动平台,采用基于运动学模型的控制方法。对于机械手,首先分析了由全方位移动平台运动所产生的耦合力作用,然后设计了一种基于神经网络的自适应控制器,这种神经网络自适应控制器能够对模型不确定性进行补偿,并采用Lyapunov稳定性理论证明了其收敛性,仿真结果亦说明了其有效性。 最后,对取得的研究成果进行了总结,并展望了需要进一步研究的工作。
英文摘要An omnidirectional mobile manipulator, which generally consists of a mobile platform and a manipulator, combines the advantages of the mobile robot and the manipulator. It has large-scale mobility and dexterous manipulability. Therefore, modeling and control of omnidirectional mobile manipulator systems are valuable in both theory and application. In this thesis, the modeling and control problems of a mobile manipulator are studied extensively with the support of project of National Science and Foundation of China “Coordinated Motion Planning and Control of Mobile Manipulator (No.60475030)”. Firstly, the background and history of robots are introduced briefly. With the particular introduction of the mobile robot and the manipulator, the concept of mobile manipulators is given, and the importance of the mobile manipulator is stated in both theory and application. The research status of modeling and control of mobile manipulator systems is surveyed in details. Then background and main work of this dissertation are proposed. Secondly, based on the actual omnidirectional mobile manipulator in the lab, its hardware configuration, which consists of the mechanism system, the motion control system and the sensor system, is elaborated. Additionally, elementary analysis of the omnidirectional mobile manipulator system is also given. Then the software configuration, including the software structure and the procedure, is expatiated. We designed the control software system based on Multi-Thread technology. Thirdly, Lagrangian formalism is applied to deduce the unified dynamic model of the omnidirectional mobile manipulator. Based on the dynamic model, the trajectory tracking control problem is addressed and a tracking controller is designed subsequently. Simulation results show the correctness of the proposed model and the effectiveness of the control approach. Fourthly, Newton-Euler method is applied for getting the kinematics of the omnidirectional mobile platform based on the analysis of its mechanism. Further, we deduced the unified kinematic model of the omnidirectional mobile manipulator, and a trajectory tracking controller is designed. Simulation results also show the correctness of the proposed model and the effectiveness of the control approach. Fifthly, for computing the coupling torques between the Omnidirectional mobile platform and the manipulator, a new method is proposed based on the unified dynamic model of the omnidirectional mobile manipulator...
语种中文
其他标识符200618014628018
源URL[http://ir.ia.ac.cn/handle/173211/6162]  
专题毕业生_博士学位论文
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
谭湘敏. 一类全方位移动机械手的建模与控制研究[D]. 中国科学院自动化研究所. 中国科学院研究生院. 2009.

入库方式: OAI收割

来源:自动化研究所

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