紫色丘陵区典型小流域非点源磷迁移特征
文献类型：期刊论文
| 作者 | 沈茜1,2,3; 唐家良1,2 ; 朱波1,2
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| 刊名 | 山地学报
 |
| 出版日期 | 2015 |
| 卷号 | 33期号:5页码:528-537 |
| 关键词 | 集水区 土地利用 磷 径流与泥沙 非点源污染 |
| ISSN号 | 1008-2786 |
| 其他题名 | Characteristics of Non-point-source Phosphorus Losses in Some Representative Land-use Sub-catchments in the Hilly Area of Purple Soil |
| 通讯作者 | 朱波 |
| 中文摘要 | 通过对居民点、林地、坡耕地等土地利用类型的小型集水区(亚流域)径流磷形态与通量的定位监测,研究了紫色丘陵典型小流域的非点源磷流失特征。结果表明,居民点在降雨量4 mm即可产流,林地与坡耕地的产流临界降雨量为20 mm。居民点的降雨径流响应迅速,径流与降雨峰值基本同步;林地和坡耕地产流时间延迟,径流峰值较降雨延迟20~120 min。居民点、坡耕地和林地的次降雨平均径流深分别为22.4、12.3、9.5 mm,径流系数分别为0.36、0.17和0.09,泥沙流失量分别为136.2、73.5和48.6 kg/hm2。居民点和林地径流的总磷(Total P-TP)、颗粒态磷(Particulate P-PP)浓度在径流过程中迅速达到峰值后陡然下降;坡耕地径流的TP、PP浓度呈多峰变化。居民点径流的可溶性磷(Dissolved P-DP)浓度随径流量增大而减少;林地径流的DP浓度逐渐增加;坡耕地DP、磷酸盐(PO3-4-P)浓度较低且波动较小。居民点小雨、中雨、大雨和暴雨等雨型下的TP流失负荷分别为42.6、136.3、190.0、1 245.6 g/hm2,平均负荷为403.6 g/hm2,林地与坡耕地在中雨、大雨和暴雨等雨型下的TP流失负荷分别为3.5、3.9、90.6和6.6、10.2、210.6 g/hm2,二者的平均负荷为32.7和75.8 g/hm2。降雨量越大,磷流失负荷越高,暴雨条件下的TP流失负荷最高。居民点的磷流失负荷远高于坡耕地和林地,表明居民点的径流污染是非点源污染控制的关键源。 |
| 英文摘要 | Phosphorus forms and fluxes via hydrological pathways in typical rainfall events from different land uses in the hilly area of purple soil had been conducted by in-situ monitoring in some sub-catchments so as to understand “hotspot”and “critical time” for control of non-point-source pollution of phosphorus in a catchment． Rainfall-runoff process along with sediment yield，total phosphorus (TP) ，dissolved phosphorus (DP) and particulate phosphorus ( PP) concentrations and loadings were monitored in representative rain (small，medium，heavy and storm) events from sub-catchment of residence， forestland and cropland． The results showed that rainfall-runoff processes responded with land uses． In the residence sub-catchment，runoff started while rainfall reached 4mm，whereas， that started in much higher rainfall (20 mm) in the forestland and cropland sub-catchment，respectively． Runoff responded to rainfall rapidly at almost the same peak in the residence sub-catchment in medium，heavy and storm rain，while runoff delayed 20－90 and 20－120 min after rainfall in cropland and forestland sub-catchment，respectively． The mean runoff depth，runoff coefficient and sediment yield from residence sub-catchment were 22.4 mm，0.36 and 136.2 kg/hm2 ; while those were 9.5 mm，0.09 and 48.6 kg./hm2 from forestland and 12.3mm， 0.17 and 73.5 kg /hm2 from cropland，respectively． The water and soil loss from the residence is the most serious in the hilly area of purple soil． The concentration of total P (TP) and particulate phosphorus (PP) of runoff water from the residence and forestland sub-catchment reached peak quickly and decreased sharply，whereas，TP and PP of runoff water from cropland turned into a process with multi-peaks． The concentration of dissolved P (DP) of runoff water from the residence sub-catchment decreased when runoff discharge increased． DP of runoff water from the forestland sub-catchment increased during the runoff process． DP and phosphate ( PO3－4－P) concentrations of runoff from cropland were relative low． The TP loss fluxes under small，medium，heavy and storm rain from the residence sub-catchment were 42.6，136.3，190.0 and 1245.6 g / hm2 with average fluxes of 403.6g / hm2 ; while，the TP loss fluxes under medium，heavy and storm rain from forestland and cropland were 3.5，3.9，90.6 g /hm2 (average 32.7 g /hm2 ) and 6.6，10.2，210.6 g /hm2 ( average 75.8 g /hm2 ) ， respectively． The phosphorus loading from the residence sub-catchment was significantly higher than those from the cropland and forestland sub-catchment under various rain-type conditions． |
| 学科主题 | X52 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.imde.ac.cn/handle/131551/11035]  |
| 专题 | 成都山地灾害与环境研究所_山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室 |
| 作者单位 | 1.中国科学院山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室 2.中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 3.中国科学院大学 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 沈茜,唐家良,朱波. 紫色丘陵区典型小流域非点源磷迁移特征[J]. 山地学报,2015,33(5):528-537. |
| APA | 沈茜,唐家良,&朱波.(2015).紫色丘陵区典型小流域非点源磷迁移特征.山地学报,33(5),528-537. |
| MLA | 沈茜,et al."紫色丘陵区典型小流域非点源磷迁移特征".山地学报 33.5(2015):528-537. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：成都山地灾害与环境研究所
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