Temperature-stable Electride  Chemical-vapor-deposition  Sol-gel Method  Ammonia-synthesis  Single-crystal  12cao-center-dot-7al(2)o(3)  Growth  Graphene  Oxide  Ca12al14o33  

Expanded emission spectra ranging from green to red are reported in Ca 3Sc2Si3O12 (CSS):Ce 3+  Mn2+ silicate garnets. Mn2+ may occupy Ca2 site (Mn2+(I)) to generate a yellow emission band at 574 nm or Sc3 site (Mn2+(II)) with red emission band at 680 nm. Efficient energy transfers from the green emitting Ce3+ to both Mn2+(I) and Mn2+(II) occur upon blue excitation into Ce3+. Concentration dependence of Mn2+ emission is analyzed based on Ce3+-Mn2+ energy transfer  steady state rate equations  and fluorescence lifetimes. Energy transfer efficiency (nT) and rate (W) are calculated with values as high as 45% and 14.01106 s-1  respectively. 2011 Elsevier B.V.  

As a result of the radar system got interferenced or in the state of half silent  it can cause the guided precision drop badly In the modern electronic warfare  therefore it can lead to the equipment depended on electronic guidance cannot strike the incoming goals exactly. It will need to rely on optoelectronic devices to make up for its shortcomings  but when interference is in the process of radar leading  especially the electro-optical equipment is influenced by the roll  pitch and yaw rotation  it can affect the target appear outside of the field of optoelectronic devices for a long time  so the infrared optoelectronic equipment can not exert the superiority  and also it cannot get across weapon-control system "reverse bring" missile against incoming goals. So the conventional ship-borne infrared system unable to track the target of incoming quickly  the ability of optoelectronic rivalry declines heavily.Here we provide a brand new controlling algorithm for the semi-automatic searching and infrared tracking based on inertial navigation platform. Now it is applying well in our XX infrared optoelectronic searching and tracking system. The algorithm is mainly divided into two steps: The artificial mode turns into auto-searching when the deviation of guide exceeds the current scene under the course of leading for radar.When the threshold value of the image picked-up is satisfied by the contrast of the target in the searching scene  the speed computed by using the CA model Least Square Method feeds back to the speed loop. And then combine the infrared information to accomplish the closed-loop control of the infrared optoelectronic system tracking. The algorithm is verified via experiment. Target capturing distance is 22.3 kilometers on the great lead deviation by using the algorithm. But without using the algorithm the capturing distance declines 12 kilometers. The algorithm advances the ability of infrared optoelectronic rivalry and declines the target capturing time by using semi-automatic searching and reliable capturing-tracking  when the lead deviation of the radar is great. 2011 Copyright Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).  

electron-paramagnetic-resonance  optical spectroscopy  crystals  ions  field  ca3al2ge3o12  spectra  site  coordination  luminescence  

1  再按如下精制步骤：1)取一定量的提纯褐藻多糖硫酸酯加水再加酸进行水解反应  2)水解液冷却后  3)将2)步所得的滤液通过732强酸阳离子树脂柱  4)将适量的IRA-67弱碱阴离子树脂加入到3)步所得的阳树脂流份中  再用该分离液0.05-0.1体积倍的蒸馏水洗涤该阴离子树脂  收集合并分离液和洗涤液为阴树脂流份  5)将4)步所得的阴树脂流份真空浓缩至原体积的1/100  将该滤液再真空浓缩至原体积的1/150的糖浆状  6)将5)步所得的糖浆  该滤液再真空浓缩至原体积的1/100糖浆状  7)将6)步所得的糖浆  8)将7)步所得到的糖浆转移至称量瓶中  9)将8)步所得的滤液  10)由于9)步所得的粗制L-褐藻糖尚含有18.9-21.7％的半乳糖  在5℃溶解5～8小时  11)将10)步所得的混合液过滤  所得L-褐藻糖晶体的产率为16.2％～17.0％。  海带中L-褐藻糖的制备方法  按该多糖与水  用碳酸钡中和至pH7±0.2  收集流出液  不间断搅拌  再按该浓缩液与95％的乙醇的体积比1∶10-20加入95％乙醇  溶于50-100体积倍的无水乙醇中  溶于50-100体积倍的蒸馏水中  加入该糖浆体积的5.0-10.0倍的无水乙醇溶解该糖浆  按重量投种比0.5‰投入标准L-褐藻糖晶种  需将粗制褐藻糖晶体混合物中加入50～60倍体积的甲醇-丙酮混合溶液  不断搅动  取滤液  它是一种6-脱氧己糖类单糖的制备方法  浓酸的重量比例1∶40-80∶1.96--19.6加水再加酸  过滤  去除K  观察pH值至终点  过滤  过滤  并加入该蒸馏水重量的0.04-0.07倍的活性炭  然后加入该糖浆体积的2.0-4.0倍的丙酮  置于5℃的冰箱中  其中甲醇-丙酮体积比为9∶5  使L-褐藻糖较多地溶出  在55℃～60℃真空浓缩至原体积的1/90的糖浆状  其特征在于：所述的制备方法是以海带为原料  轻沸回流水解时间为3-4小时  去除沉淀  Na.Ca  分离该阴离子树脂去除糖醛酸及硫酸基  除去沉淀  除去沉淀  煮沸30分钟  过滤  3-7天后结晶  12)将11)步所得的糖浆加入到5.0-10.0倍体积的无水乙醇中溶解  经水提醇沉法提取并纯化得到提纯的褐藻多糖硫酸酯  Mg等无机盐  不停搅拌  弃去滤出物  过滤  再按重量投种比5‰投入标准L-褐藻糖晶种  然后用该滤液0.5-1体积倍的蒸馏水洗涤  然后趁热硅藻土过滤  滤液仍置于冰箱中  置于5℃的冰箱中3～7天后  收集合并流出液和洗涤液为阳树脂流份  滤液再真空浓缩至原体积的1/100的糖浆状  以待进一步结晶  过滤  取滤出结晶物用无水乙醇洗涤2次  真空干燥  再真空干燥  即得纯度高的L-褐藻糖晶体  即得粗制的L-褐藻糖晶体混合物