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	Water Use for Energy Production and Conversion in Hebei Province, China 期刊论文 OAI收割 FRONTIERS IN ENERGY RESEARCH, 2020, 卷号: 8, 页码: 12 作者: Li, Xiang; Dong, Donglin; Lin, Gang; Yan, Ruiwen; Li, Shuqian \| 收藏 \| 浏览/下载：45/0 \| 提交时间：2021/03/16 energy production water requirements energy-water nexus Long-range Energy Alternative Planning model Hebei
	Water Use for Energy Production and Conversion in Hebei Province, China 期刊论文 OAI收割 FRONTIERS IN ENERGY RESEARCH, 2020, 卷号: 8, 页码: 12 作者: Li, Xiang; Dong, Donglin; Lin, Gang; Yan, Ruiwen; Li, Shuqian \| 收藏 \| 浏览/下载：40/0 \| 提交时间：2021/03/16 energy production water requirements energy-water nexus Long-range Energy Alternative Planning model Hebei
	Evaluation of the operating range for ground-based infrared imaging tracking system (EI CONFERENCE) 会议论文 OAI收割 International Symposium on Photoelectronic Detection and Imaging 2011: Advances in Infrared Imaging and Applications, May 24, 2011 - May 24, 2011, Beijing, China 作者: Zhang Z.-D. 收藏 \| 浏览/下载：49/0 \| 提交时间：2013/03/25 Ground-based infrared imaging tracking system (GIITS) is of great importance for aerial target warning and guard. The operating range is one of the key performance specifications on the other which should be calculated calculate the radiation power received on the detector in order to analysis whether the output signal meets the detection requirements or not analyzed and studied during the whole GIITS design process. The operating range is mostly influenced by a few factors without considering the effect of the background radiation. By improving of the traditional method including atmospheric attenuation a new operating range calculation model of the GIITS was established based on two requirements. One is that the image size of observed target should meet the requirement of the processor signal extraction. The number of the pixel occupied by target image should be more than 9. The other is that the signal noise ratio (SNR) of the GIITS should not be less than 5 to meet the requirements of the target detection probability and spatial frequency. The SNR calculation equation in form of energy is deduced and the radiation characteristic of the observed target and background are analyzed. When evaluate the operating range of the GIITS using the new method the performance of GIITS and feature of target and background. This paper firstly makes analysis and summarization on the definite localizations of the traditional operating range equation of the GIITS. The localizations are mainly in two aspects. On one hand we should successively calculate two operating range values according to two requirements mentioned above and choose the minimum value as the analytic result. In the end the dispersion of the image and the effect of image dispersion are not considered in the traditional method an evaluation of operating range for fighter aircraft is accomplished as an example. The influence factors in every aspect on operating range were explored by the calculated result. The new operating range calculation model provides the theoretical basis for the design and applications as well as the comprehensive evaluation of a GIITS. 2011 Copyright Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).
	Total embodied energy requirements and its decomposition in China's agricultural sector 期刊论文 OAI收割 ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS, 2010, 卷号: 69, 期号: 7, 页码: 1396-1404 作者: Zhen, Lin; Xie, Gaodi(谢高地) 收藏 \| 浏览/下载：314/101 \| 提交时间：2011/06/10 Energy use Energy requirements Input-output modeling Decomposition analysis Agricultural productivity Energy efficiency
	Analysis of laser jamming to satellite-based detector (EI CONFERENCE) 会议论文 OAI收割 International Symposium on Photoelectronic Detection and Imaging 2009: Laser Sensing and Imaging, June 17, 2009 - June 19, 2009, Beijing, China 作者: Guo L.-H.; Guo R.-H.; Wang S.-W. 收藏 \| 浏览/下载：30/0 \| 提交时间：2013/03/25 The reconnaissance satellite communication satellite and navigation satellite used in the military applications have played more and more important role in the advanced technique wars and already become the significant support and aid system for military actions. With the development of all kinds of satellites anti-satellite laser weapons emerge as the times require. The experiments and analyses of laser disturbing CCD (charge coupled detector) in near ground have been studied by many research groups but their results are not suitable to the case that using laser disturbs the satellite-based detector. Because the distance between the satellite-based detector and the ground is very large it is difficult to damage it directly. However the optical receive system of satellite detector has large optical gain so laser disturbing satellite detector is possible. In order to determine its feasibility the theoretical analyses and experimental study are carried out in the paper. Firstly the influence factors of laser disturbing satellite detector are analyzed in detail which including laser power density on the surface of the detector after long distance transmission and laser power density threshold for disturbing etc. These factors are not only induced by the satellite orbit but dependence on the following parameters: laser average power in the ground laser beam quality tracing and aiming precision and atmospheric transmission. A calculation model is developed by considering all factors which then the power density entering into the detector can be calculated. Secondly the laser disturbing experiment is performed by using LD (laser diode) with the wavelength 808 nm disturbing CCD 5 kilometer away which the disturbing threshold value is obtained as 3.5510-4mW/cm2 that coincides with other researcher's results. Finally using the theoretical model the energy density of laser on the photosensitive surface of MSTI-3 satellite detector is estimated as about 100mW/cm2 which is largely exceed the disturbing threshold and therefore verify the feasibility of using this kind of laser disturbing the satellite-based detector. According to the results. using the similar laser power density absolutely saturate the requirements to laser disturbing satellite-based detector. If considering the peak power of pulsed laser even decrease laser average power it is also possible to damage the detector. This result will provide the reliable evidences to evaluate the effect of laser disturbing satellite-based detector. 2009 SPIE.
	Effect of dietary carbohydrate-to-lipid ratios on growth and feed utilization in Chinese longsnout catfish (Leiocassis longirostris Gunther) 期刊论文 OAI收割 JOURNAL OF APPLIED ICHTHYOLOGY, 2007, 卷号: 23, 期号: 5, 页码: 605-610 作者: Tan, Q.; Xie, S.; Zhu, X.; Lei, W. 收藏 \| 浏览/下载：52/3 \| 提交时间：2010/10/13 BASS DICENTRARCHUS-LABRAX HALIBUT HIPPOGLOSSUS-HIPPOGLOSSUS BODY-COMPOSITION PROTEIN-UTILIZATION LIVER HISTOLOGY ENERGY-SOURCE FISH DIGESTIBILITY REQUIREMENTS CONVERSION