室内无线定位技术的研究与开发
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 刘秦宁
|
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2016-05-25 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 |
| 导师 | 徐皑冬 |
| 关键词 | 室内无线定位 实时定位地图 室内无线定位算法 卡尔曼滤波 |
| 其他题名 | Research and Development of Indoor Wireless Location Technology |
| 学位专业 | 检测技术与自动化装置 |
| 中文摘要 | 首先，本文介绍了室内无线定位系统采用的定位技术与定位方法：通过接收信号强度的定位方式实现了应用在房间范围内的存在定位；通过基于时间到达的定位方式实现了在大范围室内空间内的精确定位，并详细介绍了这两种定位方式的原理及算法，给出了在室内无线定位系统服务端的具体实现方案。在定位过程中，该系统可以通过不同的定位基站分别以这两种定位方式进行原始数据采集，然后在服务端通过三边定位算法和最小二乘法相结合的方式根据采集的原始数据计算出定位目标的二维坐标值，并将这些坐标数据发送到客户端的地图上，显示出定位结果。其次，针对在非视距环境下的信号干扰问题以及现有算法的一些不足，文章提出了采用卡尔曼滤波的方法对采集的定位原始数据进行滤波，通过滤波除去噪声干扰，使用滤波后的数据进行坐标计算。但是普通的卡尔曼滤波方法还不足以使定位结果达到一个理想的状态。因此，本文提出了三种对卡尔曼滤波的改进方法来提高室内无线定位系统的定位精度，并通过搭建实验场景进行了现场定位测试。实验结果表明对采集的原始数据进行改进的卡尔曼滤波之后再通过定位算法计算出的定位结果远远高于不加改进卡尔曼滤波方法的定位精度，大大提高了室内无线定位系统的精度。 最后，为了验证文中提出的定位服务方案，本文研究设计了一种基于Web的实时定位地图。由于传统的室内定位地图功能单一，大多仅具有查询功能，不能很好的满足客户需求。本文研究的实时定位地图系统结合了Web开发环境下的地图模型和设计方法，引用开源的SharpMap作为地图编辑操作的地理信息系统工具，设计了一种基于Web的实时定位地图系统作为室内无线定位系统的客户端。该客户端不仅能为用户实时的提供指定室内空间内的人员定位信息，而且将Web服务引入到电子地图的发布过程中还扩展了电子地图的使用范围，使用户可以从任意节点对发布的地图进行浏览。 |
| 英文摘要 | First, the location approaches of indoor wireless location system are introduced in this thesis. The first one, presence positioning is achieved by using the method of signal strength indication. The second one, the accurate positioning is achieved by using the method of arrival time. Then, the algorithm and the implementation scheme of two approaches are introduced. During the process of positioning, through different positioning base station, this system can collect raw date through two different positioning approaches, then at the server-side, the two-dimension cooperate value of the target is calculated using raw data through the combine of Trilateration positioning algorithm and least square algorithm , then these coordinate data are sent to the map for display. Next, there are some problems still exist in indoor wireless location system, including the signal interference under the non-line of sight environment and some shortcomings of current algorithms, proposed Kalman filter is used in this thesis to solve these problems. After removing the noise interference through filtering, and filtered data are used to calculate the coordinate. However, positioning result could not reach ideal state through normal Kalman filter. Three approaches of improved Kalman filter are proposed to increase the accuracy of indoor wireless location system through experiment. The experimental result shows that the improved Kalman filter approach has filtered the collected positioning raw data, the accuracy of calculated positioning outcome has been improved dramatically. As a result, it can be concluded that the accuracy of indoor wireless positioning system increased dramatically. Finally, in order to verify the proposed location service, a Web based real-time location map application is introduced in this paper. The function of traditional indoor location map is quite limited, most of them can only be used for query, and consequently, it cannot meet the requirements of users. The proposed real-time location map combined with the map model and design method which was developed under the Web developing environment. The system uses open source SharpMap as geographic information system tool for the edition and operation of the map, a client of indoor wireless location application is developed, which is a Web based real-time indoor map system. This client can not only provide real-time location information of certain indoor environment, but also can introduce the Web service into the publishing process of electronic map, which can expand the scope of application. As a result, users can browse the published map from any node. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 产权排序 | 1 |
| 页码 | 53页 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.sia.cn/handle/173321/19617]  |
| 专题 | 沈阳自动化研究所_工业控制网络与系统研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 刘秦宁. 室内无线定位技术的研究与开发[D]. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所. 2016. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：沈阳自动化研究所
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