面向微波热声成像的高速数据采集系统设计
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 王保坡
|
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2016-05-25 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 |
| 导师 | 杜劲松 |
| 关键词 | 高速数据采集系统 高速PCB DDR3 PCIe 千兆以太网 |
| 其他题名 | Design of High Speed Data Acquisition System for Microwave-induced Thermoacoustic Imaging |
| 学位专业 | 模式识别与智能系统 |
| 中文摘要 | 面向微波热声成像的数据采集系统对于数据的采集、处理和传输速率都提出了较高要求，设计符合微波热声成像系统运行环境的、低成本的高速数据采集系统，对于推进医疗影像设备的技术改革具有重要意义。本文基于Altera的低成本FPGA器件，设计一种应用于热声成像的高速多通道的数据采集系统。设计工作包含硬件部分和软件部分。对于硬件部分，由于系统布线难度大、速度等级高，如何确保高速PCB的信号和电源完整性是研究的主要问题；对于软件部分，基于PCIe总线和千兆以太网的数据采集、存储与传输控制是研究的主要内容。首先对高速数据采集系统的整体实现方案进行介绍，然后对系统的硬件电路设计做了详细说明，之后结合具体的信号特征，针对高速PCB设计的信号和电源完整性问题进行论述和仿真分析，然后采用模块化的设计方法，完成主要的功能模块的可编程逻辑设计与仿真验证，最后介绍了系统逻辑设计，并基于微波热声成像系统对该数据采集系统进行功能验证。在硬件设计中，针对低成本FPGA器件不支持DDR3 SDRAM芯片组fly-by信号的调平，通过信号完整性分析控制PCB布局布线，实现fly-by信号的相位匹配，从而达到免调平的目的。针对DDR3接口的源同步时序问题进行了理论分析，结合Cadence仿真工具对于建立保持时序裕量提出了合理的估算方法。针对电源完整性问题，采用了基于目标阻抗的分频段设计思想，为了避免传统设计方法的繁琐过程，将混合遗传算法应用于电容去耦网络设计，并对设计结果与其他方法进行了对比分析。在软件设计中，采用模块化设计思想完成系统的可编程逻辑设计，对主要功能模块包括DDR3存储模块、PCIe接口、千兆以太网接口、采样和时钟以及异步FIFO等作了详细介绍并且进行了仿真及验证，最后对该高速数据采集系统进行了功能验证。设计过程中采用了Altera公司的FPGA器件提供的丰富的IP核资源，增强了系统可靠性，简化了设计流程。 通过仿真及实际验证，表明该高速数据采集系统设计方案合理，各模块工作正常，采样数据正确无误，采样率达到125MHz，能够满足微波热声成像系统的应用需求，降低了系统实现成本。 |
| 英文摘要 | The data acquisition system for microwave-induced thermoacoustic imaging puts forward higher requirements for data acquisition, processing and transmission rate. Design of high speed data acquisition system, which is low cost and in accordance with the operating environment for microwave-induced thermo-acoustic imaging, is of great significance for promoting the technological reform of medical imaging equipment. In this paper, a high speed multi-channel data acquisition system based on Altera’s low cost FPGA device is designed, which can be applied to thermo-acoustic imaging. The design work includes hardware and software parts. For the hardware part, because of the high operating speed and the great difficulty of the system wiring, how to ensure the signal and power integrity of high speed PCB is the main problem of the study. For the software part, data acquisition, storage and transmission control, which are based on DDR3 SDRAM, PCIe bus and Gigabit Ethernet, are the main content of the study. First of all, the overall scheme of high speed data acquisition system is introduced, then the circuit design of system hardware in detail. After that, considering the signal characteristics, analyze and simulation for signal and power integrity issues of high-speed PCB design are conducted. Then the main function modules are completed with the modular design method and verified through simulation. Finally the system logic design is introduced, and the system function is verified based on the microwave-induced thermo-acoustic imaging system. In the process of hardware design, for the issue that the low-cost FPGA device does not support fly-by signal leveling for DDR3 SDRAM memory modules, phase matching is realized through signal integrity analysis, so as to achieve the purpose of free leveling. For the source synchronous timing of DDR3 interface, theoretical analysis is carried out. Combined with the simulation tool of Cadence, a reasonable method to estimate the setup and hold timing margin is proposed. For the power integrity, the design idea of frequency segmentation based on target impedance is adopted. In order to avoid the tedious process of traditional design method, Hybrid GA (Genetic Algorithm) is applied to the PDN (Power Distribution Net) decoupling capacitor network design, and the design results are compared with other methods. For the software part, the modular design method is adopted to realize programmable logic controller design. Detailed introductions and function simulation for the main function modules including DDR3 memory module, PCIe interface, Gigabit Ethernet interface, sampling and asynchronous FIFO are made. Finally the high speed data acquisition system is tested through applying to the microwave-induced thermo-acoustic imaging system. IP (intellectual property) cores provided by Altera FPGA devices are used to simplify the design process, enhancing the system reliability. Through the simulation and the actual verification, it shows that the design scheme of the data acquisition system is reasonable, and each module works properly. It shows that the sampling data is correct, and the rate reaches 125MHz. It can not only meet the application requirements of the thermoacoustic imaging system, but also reduce the cost of the system. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 产权排序 | 1 |
| 页码 | 89页 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.sia.cn/handle/173321/19663]  |
| 专题 | 沈阳自动化研究所_智能检测与装备研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 王保坡. 面向微波热声成像的高速数据采集系统设计[D]. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所. 2016. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：沈阳自动化研究所
浏览0
下载0
收藏0
其他版本
除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。