In this study, polysaccharides were extracted using different techniques including ultrasound-assisted extraction (UA), cellulase-assisted extraction (CA), cellulase-ultrasound-assisted extraction (CUA) and pectinase-ultrasound-assisted extraction (PUA) from Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk. Extraction yields, chemical composition, physicochemical, structural properties and antioxidant activities of the polysaccharides were compared. Results shows that polysaccharides extracted with CUA method has the highest extraction yield (20.65 +/- 0.78%), including carbohydrate (56.16 +/- 0.38%) and uronic acid (28.34 +/- 0.23%), demonstrates better solubility and oil holding capacity as compared with others. The polysaccharides composed of rhamnose, lyxose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, glucose and galactose with different molar ratio. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed key functional groups whereas scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Congo red test of the extracts obtained with different techniques showed characteristic structures of polysaccharides. Biological activity tests showed that polysaccharides extracted with UA method exhibited strong scavenging activity against ABTS and hydroxyl free radicals. The results indicated that different extraction techniques had certain effects on chemical composition, physicochemical properties and bioactivities of polysaccharides.