The invention relates to a high-precision fast control method for a variable-frequency industrial water chiller. The high-precision fast control method for the variable-frequency industrial water chiller comprises the following steps of: determining starting conditions of the water chiller according to the deviation between the temperature value of chilled water and the temperature set value of the chilled water if the water chiller is in a starting condition 1, not starting the water chiller if the water chiller is in a starting condition 3, working out a rotational speed control quantity of a compressor according to a definite time acceleration method, and working out the rotational speed of the compressor according to the rotational speed control quantity and if the water chiller is in a starting condition 2, working out the rotational speed of the compressor by utilizing a method of combining predictive control and fuzzy proportion integration differentiation (PID). The overall operation effect of the water chiller is ensured by the condition change-over mechanism of the high-precision fast control method for the variable-frequency industrial water chiller the regulation of a control adaptive expansion valve of a refrigeration compressor is ensured by the definite time acceleration method, and therefore, the higher fluctuation of the temperature of the chilled water is avoided after a refrigeration system is started a water temperature control process cannot overshoot by the predictive control, and therefore, the water temperature control precision reaches the required precision at the top speed and the water temperature control precision reaches +/-0.05 DEG C by the fuzzy PID.