基于Agent的虚拟企业体系结构及协商方法研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 李莉 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2002-11-22 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 |
| 导师 | 薛劲松 ; 朱云龙 |
| 关键词 | 虚拟企业 体系结构 Agent 协商 协商协议 协商决策模型 |
| 其他题名 | Research on Agent-Based Virtual Enterprises Architecture and Negotiation Method |
| 学位专业 | 机械电子工程 |
| 中文摘要 | 在竞争、合作、动态的市场环境中，虚拟企业被认为是21世纪最具竞争力的企业运作模式。虚拟企业强调在合作中形成竞争优势，它的建立要以企业信息化、市场法制化和结构扁平化为前提。虽然我国目前实施企业虚拟化的条件还有欠缺，但是，虚拟企业依靠信息技术加强合作，能在不增加投入的情况下充分组合和利用现有资源，提高企业竞争力，这个理念对我国企业的经营管理有很大的借鉴意义。而如何构建支持我国企业根据实际需要快速组建虚拟企业并支持其全生命周期的虚拟企业体系结构就成为当务之急。在综述虚拟企业体系结构研究现状的基础上，提出使用agent技术构建支持虚拟企业全生命周期的体系结构，对此体系结构下支持企业间合作与协调的协商方法进行了深入研究，开发了虚拟企业仿真系统VEES（Virtual Enterprises Emulating System）与虚拟企业服务网VESN（Virtual Enterprises Service Net）。在基于agent的虚拟企业体系结构研究中：首先创造性地指出使用agents代表参加虚拟企业的各组成企业，可以更好地体现agents的自治性、合作性与通讯性。然后给出了代表虚拟企业各自治组成企业的企业agents的通用框架，该通用框架充分体现了agents的自治性、智能性、合作性、能动性与通讯性，可以表示为一个三元组的形式—<内核，协调层，通讯层>，其中内核是企业的原有系统，协调层实现与其他企业进行合作与协调的所有功能，通讯层则实现与其他企业的交互，并保证信息交互的安全。使用这种结构不仅实现了企业原有系统的重用，节省了人力、物力、财力资源，降低了软件开发成本，还实现了企业原有系统与新开发软件系统的无缝集成，为企业在网络上提供标准化的、模块化的和柔性化的设计与制造等服务提供了使能技术，从而使企业的市场覆盖范围迅速控大，生存空间得到进一步的拓展。在企业agents通用框架的基础上，给出了基于agent的虚拟企业体系结构。在此体系结构下，各企业agent可以通过自己的通讯层很容易地与其他企业agents交互，进行协同设计、协同制造等活动，而各企业agent的内核（即原有系统）却不会受到侵犯，因此该体系结构不仅实现了企业之间的交互与合作，还充分地保证了企业的自治性，使企业可以根据实际需要随时加入或退出某虚拟企业而不影响该虚拟企业中其他企业的运作，以及根据需要同时参加多个虚拟企业成为可能。另外，为了帮助企业在组建虚拟企业时可以迅速找到尽可能多的相关的候选供应商与合作伙伴，还给出了虚拟企业服务网的概念。由于基于agent的虚拟企业体系结构中涉及的信息技术与通信技术，如EDI、STEP、Agents间的通讯等，已有许多成型的成果，主要将研究重点放在了该体系结构下支持企业间合作与协调的协商方法研究上。在支持企业间合作与协调的协商方法研究中，主要从协商协议与协商决策模型两方面进行：在协商协议的研究中，分析了传统的合同网协议在虚拟企业环境下的不足，创造性地提出了适用于虚拟企业环境的两种改进的合同网协议，即带有时间约束的单步协商协议与带有时间约束的多步反复协商协议，并指出了每种协商协议的适用条件。在协商决策模型的研究中，考虑了支持虚拟企业组建与运行的绝大部分决策模型，包括机遇/订单评估与分析模型、订单/任务分解模型、订单转包模型、任务分配/伙伴选择模型与基于能力约束的调度模型。其中机遇/订单评估与分析模型、订单/任务分解模型、订单转包模型与基于能力约束的调度模型，也是本论文的创新点。在基于agent的虚拟企业体系结构下，通过以上协商协议与协商决策模型的结合使用，实现了虚拟企业的任务分解、任务分配、分布优化协调与分布自治，可以有效地支持虚拟企业全生命周期。最后，介绍了使用Java开发的虚拟企业仿真系统VEES和虚拟企业服务网VESN。在VEES中，将提出的协商协议与协商决策模型在虚拟企业全生命周期的运作过程中进行了验证，结果表明，这些协商协议与协商决策模型完全适用于虚拟企业环境，对虚拟企业的全生命周期提供了必要的支持。总之，本论文的工作是将agent技术应用于虚拟企业体系结构的研究方面的探索和尝试，为我国企业根据实际需要实施虚拟企业提供了相关的理论与方法指导，具有很高的理论意义与广泛的实际应用价值。 |
| 索取号 | TH166/L36/2002 |
| 英文摘要 | A virtual enterprise is considered as a running schema of enterprises with the strongest competition power under competitive, cooperative and dynamic market environment in the 21st century, which emphasizes to get competitive superiority through cooperation. The preconditions on constructing a virtual enterprise are the information of enterprises, the legalization of the market and the compressed structure of enterprises. Though there is short of conditions for Chinese enterprises to make virtualization at present, the virtual enterprise depends on information to strengthen cooperation, and combines and utilizes existing resources to enhance competitive power without increasing devotion, which philosophy is very useful for business management for Chinese enterprises for reference. And how to build virtual enterprises architecture for supporting our enterprises to construct virtual enterprises rapidly and support whole lifecycle of virtual enterprises is becoming an urgent affair. On the basis of summarizing research status in quo of virtual enterprises architecture, agent technology is presented for constructing virtual enterprises architecture for supporting whole lifecycle of virtual enterprises, under which negotiation method for supporting cooperation and coordination between enterprises is investigated. In addition, virtual enterprises emulation system (VEES) and virtual enterprises service net (VESN) are developed. On the research of agent-based architecture of virtual enterprises: It is pointed out in a creative way firstly that every individual enterprise consisted of a virtual enterprise is denoted as an agent, which can embody the autonomy, cooperation and communication of an agent better. Then the generic framework of enterprise agents denoting individual enterprises consisted of a virtual enterprise is presented, which embodies the autonomy, intelligence, cooperation, proactivity and communication of agents and can be denoted as a triad, I.e. . The kernel is the legacy system of an enterprise. The coordination layer realizes all of the functions relation to cooperation and coordination between enterprises. And the communication layer is responsible for communicating with each other and guaranteeing the safety of exchanged information between enterprises. The framework with above-mentioned structure does not only realize the reuse of legacy system of enterprises to save humans, materials and financial resource and decrease cost for developing software system, but makes legacy system of enterprises integrated with new developing system unsealed, and offers enabling technologies for enterprises to offer standard, modular, and flexible design and manufacturing services on network. The results are that the market-covering scope of enterprises will be enlarged rapidly and the living space of enterprises will be expanded further. On the basis of enterprise agents generic framework, the agent-based architecture of virtual enterprises is given, under which enterprise agents can interact with each other easily to carry out cooperative design and manufacturing without encroaching the kernel of enterprises, I.e. legacy system. So the architecture does not only realize the cooperation and interaction between enterprises, but guarantees the autonomy of enterprises. Additionally, it is possible for an enterprise taking part in or leaving from a virtual enterprise freely without having impact on the running of other enterprises of the virtual enterprise and participating several virtual enterprises at the same time according to real requirements. In addition, the concept of VESN is proposed, which can assist enterprises in finding adequate candidate suppliers and cooperation enterprises as many as possible to construct virtual enterprises rapidly. The research keystone is the negotiation method for supporting cooperation and coordination between enterprises under agent-based virtual enterprises architecture, for information and communication technology related to agent-based virtual enterprises architecture (such as EDI, STEP and communication between agents) have been gotten achievements by others. The research on negotiation method is carrying through from two parts, I.e. negotiation protocols and negotiation decision-making models. On the research of negotiation protocols, two kinds of improved contract net protocols adapting to virtual enterprises environment are proposed creatively, I.e. single step negotiation protocol with time constraint and multi-step iterative negotiation protocol with time constraint. The applicable conditions for each negotiation protocol are also given. On the research of negotiation decision-making models, a majority of decision-making models supporting the constructing and running process of virtual enterprises are considered, such as opportunity/order evaluation and analysis model, order/task decomposition model, order subcontracting model, tasks distribution/partner selection model and capacity-constraint-based scheduling model. And opportunity/order evaluation and analysis model, order/task decomposition model, order subcontracting model and capacity-constraint-based scheduling model are also creativities of this dissertation. Under agent-based virtual enterprises architecture, task decomposition, tasks distribution, distributed optimized coordination and distributed autonomy of virtual enterprises are realized and whole lifecycle of virtual enterprises is supporting effectively by combining above-mentioned negotiation protocols with negotiation decision-making models. Finally, VEES developed with java and VESN are introduced. Above-mentioned negotiation protocols and negotiation decision-making models are validated by using running process of whole lifecycle of virtual enterprises under VEES. It is shown that those negotiation protocols and negotiation decision-making models are fully adaptive to virtual enterprises environment and can support whole lifecycle of virtual enterprises effectively by the results. In summarize, the work of this dissertation is the exploration and attempt on application of agent technology on the research on virtual enterprises architecture, which offers pertinent theory and methodology guidance for enterprises implementing virtual enterprises and have far-reaching theory significance and comprehensive practical application value. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2012-08-29 |
| 产权排序 | 1 |
| 分类号 | F270 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.sia.ac.cn/handle/173321/9546]  |
| 专题 | 沈阳自动化研究所_工业信息学研究室_先进制造技术研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 李莉. 基于Agent的虚拟企业体系结构及协商方法研究[D]. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所. 2002. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：沈阳自动化研究所
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