中国科学院机构知识库网格
Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid
面向快速制造的数据处理关键技术研究

文献类型:学位论文

作者张嘉易
学位类别博士
答辩日期2004-12-23
授予单位中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所
授予地点中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所
导师王天然 ; 刘伟军
关键词快速成型 三维模型分层 边界补偿重建 数控加工轨迹规划
其他题名Reseach on the Key Technique of Rapid Prototyping Manufacturing Technology Data Processing
学位专业机械电子工程
中文摘要快速成型制造(RPM—Rapid Prototyping Manufacturing或RP—Rapid Prototy -ping)是现今多种先进技术的集成,包括了激光技术、电子技术、先进机械加工及CAD/CAM技术。快速成型技术作为快速制造的实现手段,是极具潜力的先进制造技术之一,它可以快速地由CAD模型制造三维实体样件。为缩短新产品开发周期,降低成本,提高生产效率提供了一种新的技术手段。目前,在科研、汽车制造、航空及医学等领域得到了应用。在快速成型制造过程中,数据处理及加工路径控制是快速成型分层加工的关键环节,对其进行深入研究是必要和很有意义的。本文阐述了快速成型数据处理系统的基本功能和方法,分析了快速成型数据处理领域的研究热点和发展趋势,着重研究了目前快速成型数据处理领域的难点和热点问题,如:改善成形件表面质量的直接分层和自适应分层方法研究;提高数据处理效率和对复杂模型处理能力的边界线补偿(面域交叉、自环)重建方法研究;STL文件容错分层方法研究;新的环形数控加工路径的生成与规划方法研究等。本报告所述的研究工作主要在如下几个方面: 1. 本文提出一种新的直接分层方法,用于快速成型制造领域。即利用AutoCAD的二次开发工具包ObjectARX开发了一个动态链接库,运用于AutoCAD的集成开发环境中,实现三维CSG模型的直接分层。同时自行开发一开放接口,用于存储每一层面轮廓数据,实现分层数据的通用化。在分析已有自适应分层方法缺点的基础上,提出了基于小单元层逆向搜索的自适应分层方法。应用该方法实现了STL文件的自适应分层和CSG实体模型的自适应分层;避免了已有方法中的试切环节。 2. 阐述了一种STL文件容错分层时边界线段自适应连接的有效方法,将自适应方法应用于快速成型数据处理过程中,恰当地选择了自适应变量、评价参数、和约束条件;并进行了详细的数学公式推导,应用该方法实现了STL文件层面边界线的自适应连接。比STL文件纠错后再分层的方法减少了人工操作,提高了计算速度;而且与已有的裂缝跟踪方法相比,对于交叉情况,通过设不可连接端点的方法避免了全部拆分重新连接。目前该方法已在开发的数据处理软件中应用,运行结果良好。 3. 在实际加工过程前,进行成形件CAD三维模型仿真;并对仿真结果进行综合的分析评价,可以提高整体加工效率。为此,提出了一种新的综合评价参数的数学模型,实现了分层方案的系统分析优化。 4. 分析了快速成型制造中,直接分层边界曲线补偿方向的判定及转接方法,提出了一种曲线边界补偿方向判定多边形化方法;并在AutoCAD环境下利用ARX和VC++开发了软件,实现了边界中曲线补偿方向的判定和转接。该方法利用曲线直接判定边界补偿方向和进行转接,提高了计算速度,减少了微小特征的丢失。 5. 边界线补偿重建问题一直是个复杂的难题。在分析国际已有的先进算法的基础上,结合快速成型数据处理层面边界补偿重建特点,提出了“基于有效交叉点边界补偿重建”的新算法,该算法的优点有:减少了边界补偿计算量,更加适用于快速成型数据处理过程中遇到的各种复杂边界形状。基于该算法,编制了VC++软件。由于该算法非常简洁,因而软件运行快速有效。另外,应用该算法,实现了RP环形加工轨迹路径的生成。 6. 论述了金属直接成型(DMD—Directed Metal Deposition)系统的基本原理。分析了金属直接成型系统的特点。深入研究了功能梯度材料零件加工方法,应用并行控制的基本理论思想,提出了金属直接成型系统多任务并行数字控制方法。编制了并行系统控制VC软件(进行了实验运行),实现了三维工作台、送料和激光系统准确同步运行。 7. 将快速成型中的分层思想应用于数控加工领域,深入研究了基于层切法的零件模具数控粗加工方法,针对目前层面内刀具轨迹生成算法的不足之处,提出了层面内刀具环形轨迹的自适应生成方法。应用该方法可以进一步减少模具粗加工余量。
索取号TH166/Z32/2005
英文摘要RPM (or RP) is the integration of new techniques, which include Mechanical Engineering, CAD/CAM, Numerical Control, Laser Technique and Material Science. Data processing (such as slicing and tool path planning) is the most impotant key link in RP technology. It needs to be studied comprehensively. In this paper, basic function and algorithm of RP data processing system are introduced. The important parts of this paper as follow. 1. A new direct slice method in the application of RPM is proposed, a dynamic linked library is developed with ObjectARX in order to realize direct slice on three–dimensional models in the integration development environment of AutoCAD. Moreover, a new layers data structure is devised to store details of the slice contours. In additional, based on analyzing the shortcomings of prevenient adaptive slicing methods, a new effective method for adaptive slicing is proposed, which is based on unit layer converse searching. By the new method, adaptive slicing for STL and CAD Solid Models can been realized and avoid “slicing test” compared with prevenient adaptive slicing methods. 2. An effective method of adaptive connection of line sets is proposed for error-tolerate slicing with STL files. Adaptive method is applied to the RP data processing. By the correct selection of adaptive variable, estimate parameter, constraint condition and detailed formula deriving, lines of the slicing boundaries can be connected in adaptive way. The method reduced time cost, manual work and avoid reconnection of the discontinuous lines. 3. This paper sets forth the simulation of RPM part. Before real processing, by simulating of the part and analyzing of the simulating results, the slicing scheme is optimized and a novel conception of synthetic parameter ( ) being put forward for RP data processing. 4. It is analyzed that how to judge the compensating direction and how to connet the boundary curves in layers for direct slicing in rapid prototyping. A polygonal method for boundary curve compensation is proposed and a new software is compiled with ARX and VC++ in AutoCAD environment, that can make the compensating direction judge and curve segments connetion. 5. Boundary compensating reconstraction is a difficult problem all the time. Based on analysis of the experiences and the characteristics of RP data processing, a new reconstraction algorithm is put forward. By tracing valid intersection points, valid offset curve segments are reconstructed. The advantage of the new algorithm is that it only involves little computation and it is applicable to all kinds of complicated slicing profile in RP data processing. Based on the new algorithm, software is programmed in VC++ and a new “circle” toolpath can be realized. 6. Basic principle of Directed Metal Deposition (DMD) system is introduced and specialities of the system are discussed. A concurrent multitask control method for directed metal deposition system is bring up and a NC software has been programmed in VC++ and accurate synchronous operation of 3D machine tools, feeder and laser system is realized. 7. Layering ideas of RP is applied to die NC rough machining. The problem of die NC rough machining based on stratifying is deep into studyed. By discussing shortages of current tool path generation methods, a new adaptive circle tool path generation method is proposed. Based on this method, the precision and the speed of die NC rough machining can be improved.
语种中文
公开日期2012-08-29
产权排序1
分类号TH166
源URL[http://ir.sia.ac.cn/handle/173321/9564]  
专题沈阳自动化研究所_工业信息学研究室_先进制造技术研究室
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
张嘉易. 面向快速制造的数据处理关键技术研究[D]. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所. 2004.

入库方式: OAI收割

来源:沈阳自动化研究所

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