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食用蔬菜能吸收和积累微塑料 期刊论文  OAI收割
科学通报, 2019, 卷号: 64, 期号: 9, 页码: 928-934
作者:  李连祯;  周倩;  尹娜;  涂晨;  骆永明
  |  收藏  |  浏览/下载：143/0  |  提交时间：2020/06/17
微塑料  生菜  聚苯乙烯微球  吸收  积累  健康风险  microplastics  lettuce  polystyrene microbeads  uptake  accumulation  human health risk  Microplastic (MP, 100 nm-5 mm) may present an attributable risk to ecosystem and human health, and its pollution has become a global environmental concern. Despite a wealth of information on the accumulation of MPs in aquatic species, there is no information on the uptake and accumulation of MPs by higher plants. Terrestrial edible plants are directly exposed to MPs when agricultural soil was applied with organic manure, sewage sludge as fertilizer or plastic mulching. In this paper, the uptake of two sizes of polystyrene (PS) microbeads (0.2 and 1.0 mum) and then their distribution and migration in an edible plant lettuce were firstly investigated based on laboratory experiments. We used fluorescent markers to track PS microbeads in plant tissues and found fluorescence to be a sensitive and reliable detection method. Sections from untreated control lettuce showed no autofluorescence. When roots were treated with fluorescently labeled PS microbeads, the microbeads could be identified by its fluorescence. Our main study investigated the uptake of 0.2 mum beads, as few luminescence signals were observed in lettuce roots for 1.0 mum beads in our experiment. We observed that 0.2 mum fluorescent microbeads were extracellularly trapped in the root cap mucilage (which is a highly hydrated polysaccharide) and a dark green tip (which was typical of lettuce roots exposed to label PS beads) was usually visible to the naked eye. Confocal images revealed that the PS luminescence signals were mainly located in the vascular system and on the cell walls of the cortex tissue of the roots, indicated that the beads passed through the intercellular space via the apoplastic transport system. Once inside the central cylinder, the 0.2 mum PS beads were transferred from the roots to the stems and leaves via the vascular system following the transpiration stream. We also observed that the PS beads adhered to one another and self-assembled systematically into grape-like and (chain) string-like clusters in the intercellular space of the root and stem vascular tissue of lettuce plant. In contrast to the root and stem, PS beads were dispersed in the leaf tissue. Here, for the first time we provide evidence of the adherence, uptake, accumulation, and translocation of submicrometer MPs within an edible plant. Our findings highlight the previously underappreciated human exposure pathway to MPs through the consumption of contaminated crops and emphasize the need for new management strategies to control the release of MPs waste products into the terrestrial environment. Ultimately, the potential impacts of low range sized MPs on food safety of crop plants and human health need to be urgently considered.  
Quantitative division of succession and spatial patterns among different stand developmental stages in Changbai Mountains 期刊论文  OAI收割
JOURNAL OF MOUNTAIN SCIENCE, 2019, 卷号: 16, 期号: 9, 页码: 2063-2078
作者:  Gong Zhi-wen;  Kang Xin-gang;  Gu Li
  |  收藏  |  浏览/下载：23/0  |  提交时间：2020/11/04
Carbon Storage Dynamics in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Fields in the Hilly-Gully Region of the Loess Plateau, China 期刊论文  OAI收割
CLEAN-SOIL AIR WATER, 2014, 卷号: 42, 期号: 9, 页码: 1253-1262
作者:  Deng, L (Deng, Lei)[ 1 ];  Wang, KB (Wang, Kai-Bo)[ 2 ];  Li, JP (Li, Jian-Ping)[ 3 ]
  |  收藏  |  浏览/下载：23/0  |  提交时间：2018/11/23
Carbon Storage Dynamics in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Fields in the Hilly-Gully Region of the Loess Plateau, China 期刊论文  OAI收割
CLEAN-SOIL AIR WATER, 2014, 卷号: 42, 期号: 9, 页码: 1253-1262
作者:  Deng, Lei;  Wang, Kai-Bo;  Li, Jian-Ping;  Shangguan, Zhou-Ping;  Sweeney, Sandra
收藏  |  浏览/下载：49/0  |  提交时间：2015/12/09
A strong coupled CFD-CSD method on computational aeroelastity (EI CONFERENCE) 会议论文  OAI收割
2011 2nd International Conference on Mechanic Automation and Control Engineering, MACE 2011, July 15, 2011 - July 17, 2011, Inner Mongolia, China
Xi R.; Jia H.
收藏  |  浏览/下载：67/0  |  提交时间：2013/03/25
In this paper  a strong coupled CFD-CSD method is developed to simulate the aeroelastic phenomena. The CFD solver is based on the finite-volume algorithm for the Navier-Stokes equations on unstructured grid. The CSD solver solves the aeroelastic governing equations in the modal space. Their coupling is realized by a dual-time method. The spring-based smoothing method is adopted to deform and regenerate the aerodynamic grid. Two test cases are selected to validate the authors' method for static and dynamic aeroelastity .The results of the simulation for the static aeroelastic problems of a missile wing show that the Lift Coefficient and Drag Coefficient are severally 7% and 5% lower than those don't consider the elasticity of the wing. The results for the flutter boundary prediction of the AGARD 445.6 wing have been proved much closer to the experiment than using the DLM. This method can describe the effects of fluid viscosity more exactly for highly nonlinear transonic flight conditions. The calculation has proved reliable in the subsonic regime  but not accurate enough in the supersonic regime. 2011 IEEE.  
Design of motion compensation mechanism of satellite remote sensing camera (EI CONFERENCE) 会议论文  OAI收割
International Symposium on Photoelectronic Detection and Imaging 2011: Space Exploration Technologies and Applications, May 24, 2011 - May 26, 2011, Beijing, China
Gu S.; Yan Y.; Xu K.; Jin G.
收藏  |  浏览/下载：47/0  |  提交时间：2013/03/25
With the development of aerospace remote sensing technology  the ground resolution of remote sensing camera enhances continuously. Since there is relative motion between camera and ground target when taking pictures  the target image recorded in recording media is moved and blurred. In order to enhance the imaging quality and resolution of the camera  the image motion had to be compensated. In order to abate the effect of image motion to image quality of space camera and improve the resolution of the camera  the compensation method of image motion to space camera is researched. First  the reason of producing drift angle and adjustment principle are analyzed in this paper. This paper introduce the composition and transmission principle of image motion compensation mechanism. Second  the system adopts 80C31 as controller of drift angle  and adopts stepping motor for actuators  and adopts absolute photoelectric encoder as the drift Angle measuring element. Then the control mathematical model of the image motion compensation mechanism are deduced  and it achieve the closed-loop control of the drift angle position. At the last  this paper analyses the transmission precision of the mechanism. Through the experiment  we measured the actual precision of the image motion compensation mechanism  and compared with the theoretical analysis. There are two major contributions in this paper. First  the traditional image motion compensation mechanism is big volume and quality heavy. This has not fit for the development trend of space camera miniaturization and lightweight. But if reduce the volume and quality of mechanism  it will bring adverse effects for the precision and stiffness of mechanism. For this problem  This paper designed a image motion compensation that have some advantages such as small size  light weight at the same time  high precision  stiffness and so on. This image motion compensation can be applicable to the small optics cameras with high resolution. Second  the traditional mechanism control need to corrected  fitting and iterative for the control formula of mechanism. Only in this way  we can get the optimal control mathematical model. This paper has high precision of the control formula derived. It can achieve the high precision control without fitting  It also simplify the difficulty of control mathematical model establishment. This paper designed the range of adjusting of image motion compensation mechanism between -5 +5. Based on choosing-5  -4  -3  -2  -1  0  +1  +2  +3  +4  +4 as the expectation value of the imaginary drift angle  we get ten groups of the fact data in adjusting drift angle measured. The test results show that the precision of the drift angle control system can be achieved in 1. It can meet the system requirements that the precision of the control system is less than 3'  and it can achieve the high-precision image motion compensation. 2011 SPIE.  
An improved destripe noises method for TDI-CCD images (EI CONFERENCE) 会议论文  OAI收割
2011 International Conference on Mechatronic Science, Electric Engineering and Computer, MEC 2011, August 19, 2011 - August 22, 2011, Jilin, China
作者:  He B.
收藏  |  浏览/下载：22/0  |  提交时间：2013/03/25
Design and demonstration of micro multi-step mirrors and light source in micro FTIR (EI CONFERENCE) 会议论文  OAI收割
6th IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems, NEMS 2011, February 20, 2011 - February 23, 2011, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Liang Z.; Fu J.; Feng C.; Liang J.
收藏  |  浏览/下载：43/0  |  提交时间：2013/03/25
To obtain high resolution  high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)  high reliability and real time in wide spectral range  we study the space modulation Micro Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) based on multi-step mirrors covering the spectral range of 3-5m and 8-12 m in theory and experiment. The influences of spectrum reconstruction caused by the diffraction and extended light source in Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) are analyzed. A method to reduce the noises in spectrum reconstruction and the relationship between coherent intensity and solid angle of light source are discussed. An extended light source with suitable size is chosen  considering the requirement of SNR and spectrum resolving power in the optical design. Furthermore  the fabrication of micro multi-step mirrors  which is the core part of FTS  is investigated. Three methods for fabricating multi-step micro mirrors are demonstrated. 2011 IEEE.  
High precision test method for dynamic imaging of space camera (EI CONFERENCE) 会议论文  OAI收割
2010 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Computer Control, ICACC 2010, March 27, 2010 - March 29, 2010, 445 Hoes Lane - P.O.Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, United States
作者:  Jin L.-X.;  Zhang K.;  Zhang K.;  Zhang K.;  Zhang K.
收藏  |  浏览/下载：26/0  |  提交时间：2013/03/25
A test method for dynamic imaging of space TDICCD (Time Delay and Integration Charge Coupled Devices) camera was presented in this paper. The test method adopted the PLL (Phase Locked Loop) technology and CMAC (Cerebella Model Articulation Controller) friction compensation as control strategy. Furthermore  According to this method  a test system for dynamic imaging of space TDICCD camera was designed and implemented. The system simulated the movement of the ground objects relative to the space aerocraft  to validate the capability of image speed match and the dynamic imaging quality of TDICCD camera. The design adopted a precision turntable and a drift turntable to simulate the movement around the earth and the drift motion in different latitude due to the rotation of earth  of the aerocraft. The turntables were drived by permanent magnet torque motor which was powered by PWM (Pulse Width Modulation). The system adopted DSP (Digital Signal Processor) as the control core and reached a very high performance. The experimental results showed that the steady speed error was better than 0.01 % and the instantaneous speed error reached 0.0267%. The precision of the test system designed met the requirement for dynamic imaging of TDICCD camera. 2010 IEEE.  
Analysis of a diffractive microlens using the finite-difference time-domain method (EI CONFERENCE) 会议论文  OAI收割
作者:  Liu Y.;  Liu H.;  Liu H.;  Liu H.;  Liu Y.
收藏  |  浏览/下载：27/0  |  提交时间：2013/03/25
The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is used as rigorous electromagnetic analysis model to calculate the field for a diffractive microlens (DML). The FDTD is used for the entire solution rather than using a near- to far-field propagation method to obtain the far-field energy distribution  thus  all the results are vector based. We derived a formula to calculate the magnitude of electric field  which is time dependent and can be used to graphically show the light wave propagation and focusing process through a DML. Both the comparison and the integral methods are presented to obtain wave amplitude in full solution space  and the distribution of light energy behind a DML is illustrated based on the wave amplitude. The formula of diffractive efficiency of the DML is derived from a time-averaged Ponyting vector  which can indicate the propagation direction of light energy. Application of these formulations in the analysis of a DML example demonstrates the high accuracy and efficiency of our method. 2010 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.