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	Comparison of simulated backgrounds with in-orbit observations for HE, ME, and LE onboard Insight-HXMT 期刊论文 OAI收割 Astrophysics and Space Science, 2020, 卷号: 365, 页码: 158 作者: HXMT \| 收藏 \| 浏览/下载：49/0 \| 提交时间：2022/02/08 Insight-HXMT Geant4 simulation Background observation Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Abstract: Insight-HXMT, the first X-ray astronomical satellite in China, aims to reveal new sources in the Galaxy and to study fundamental physics of X-ray binaries from 1 to 250 keV. It has three collimated telescopes, the High Energy X-ray telescope (HE), the Medium Energy X-ray telescope (ME), and the Low Energy X-ray telescope (LE). Before the launch, in-orbit backgrounds of these three telescopes had been estimated through Geant4 simulation, in order to investigate the instrument performance and the achievement of scientific goals. In this work, these simulated backgrounds are compared with in-orbit observations. Good agreements are shown for all three telescopes. For HE, (1) the deviation of the simulated background rate after two years of operation in space is 5 % from the observation (2) the total background spectrum and the relative abundance of the 67 keV line show long-term increases both in simulations and observations. For ME, (1) the deviation of simulated background rate is within 15 % from the observation, and (2) there are no obvious long-term increase features in the background spectra of simulations and observations. For LE, the background level given by simulations is also consistent with observations. The consistencies of these comparisons validate that the Insight-HXMT mass model, i.e., space environment components and models adopted, physics processes selected, and detector constructions built, is reasonable. However, the line features at 7.5 and 8.0 keV, which are obvious in the observed spectra of LE, are not evident in simulations. This might result from uncertainties in the LE constructions.
	Calibration of instrument and sample parameters for small angle X-ray scattering 期刊论文 OAI收割 INSTRUMENTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 2016, 卷号: 44, 期号: 5, 页码: 521-536 作者: Wei YR(魏彦茹); Li ZH(李志宏); Wei, YR; Li, ZH \| 收藏 \| 浏览/下载：21/0 \| 提交时间：2017/07/24 Detector tilt instrument parameters small angle X-ray scattering small angle X-ray scattering calibration
	An improved histogram matching algorithm for the removal of striping noise in optical remote sensing imagery 期刊论文 OAI收割 OPTIK, 2015, 卷号: 126, 期号: 23, 页码: 15536-15560 作者: Cao, Biao; Du, Yongming; Xu, Daqi; Li, Hua; Liu, Qinhuo 收藏 \| 浏览/下载：29/0 \| 提交时间：2016/04/20 Striping noise Destriping Optical imaging instrument Detector response function Improved histogram matching
	Study on spectrograph for ionosphere: A broadband imaging instrument prototype for far-ultraviolet (EI CONFERENCE) 会议论文 OAI收割 International Symposium on Photoelectronic Detection and Imaging 2011: Space Exploration Technologies and Applications, May 24, 2011 - May 26, 2011, Beijing, China 作者: Wang S.-R.; Lin G.-Y.; Yu L. 收藏 \| 浏览/下载：35/0 \| 提交时间：2013/03/25 Current research on space-based exploration for the ionosphere needs more advanced technologies. Because the spectral signals in the ionosphere distributing basically in the far-ultraviolet waveband are very weak. Usual spectrometer structures and detectors such as CCD can't receive enough information. Based on this principle of atmospheric sounding the imaging spectrometer prototype for ionosphere detection application was designed to solve the problem. This prototype consists of the telescope and the imaging spectrometer. The simple structure and small number of mirrors can help higher transmission efficiency be achieved and weak signals detection be implemented. The telescope is an off-axis parabolic mirror and the spectrometer is a modified Czerny-Turner spectral imaging system. Modified Czerny-Turner spectrometer contains a spherical mirror a fixed plane grating and a toroidal mirror. By adjusting the incident angle to the collimating mirror and using toroidal mirror coma and astigmatism were corrected well. We also optimize distances between the grating to the focusing mirror and the focusing mirror to the image plane to improve disadvantages of traditional Czerny-Turner structure. Designed results demonstrate that aberrations are substantially corrected and high image quality can be obtained in broad waveband. The photon counting Wedge-Strip-Anode detector with micro-channel planes as the receiving plane is accepted for the instrument prototype. The other photon counting 2-D detector responding well for weak light such as Cross-Delay line detector and MAMA detector can also be used for detection. The calibration and performances testing system is made of a vacuum system a deuterium lamp a monochrometer and the instrument prototype. Results obtained from the experiment show that the spectral resolution is 2.4 nm and the spatial resolution is 80 m. The other calibration experiments are running. The technology of the spectrometer prototype is important for the research and applications of ionosphere remote sensing. 2011 SPIE.
	Linearity measurement for image-intensified CCD (EI CONFERENCE) 会议论文 OAI收割 5th International Symposium on Advanced Optical Manufacturing and Testing Technologies: Optical Test and Measurement Technology and Equipment, April 26, 2010 - April 29, 2010, Dalian, China 作者: Zhang L.; Zhao Y.; Zhao Y.; Zhao Y.; Yan F. 收藏 \| 浏览/下载：32/0 \| 提交时间：2013/03/25 To the characteristic of the ultraviolet CCD (UV ICCD) technique of the linearity measurement of the UV ICCD camera is studied based on the theory of radiometry. Approach of linearity measurement is discussed and a kind of measurement system of the UV ICCD has been developed based on the method of neutral density filter. It is very important that the transmittance of the filter is independent of the wavelength in the method of neutral density filter. Black metal screen mesh with different transmittance is used in our system and calibration of the filters' transmittance in different working positions has been done. Meanwhile to assure the uniform of the received radiation on the target of the detector at any test points an integrating sphere is placed behind the neutral filter to balance light. The whole measurement system mainly consists of a deuterium lamp with high stabilization the attenuation film with transmission integrating sphere optical guide and electro-shift platform. Auto control is realized via special software during the test. With this instrument the linearity of the UV ICCD was measured. Experimental results show that the nonlinearity of the UV ICCD under fixed-gain is less than 2% and the uncertainty of measurement system is less than 4%. 2010 Copyright SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering.
	Development of a new diffuse near infrared food measuring (EI CONFERENCE) 会议论文 OAI收割 Sitxh International Symposium on Instrumentation and Control Technology: Signal Analysis, Measurement Theory, Photo-Electronic Technology, and Artificial Intelligence, October 13, 2006 - October 15, 2006, Beijing, China 作者: Zhang J.; Zhang J.; Zhang J. 收藏 \| 浏览/下载：29/0 \| 提交时间：2013/03/25 Industries from agriculture to petrochemistry have found near infrared (NIR) spectroscopic analysis useful for quality control and quantitative analysis of materials and products. The general chemical polymer chemistry petrochemistry agriculture food and textile industries are currently using NIR spectroscopic methods for analysis. In this study we developed a new sort NIR instrument for food measuring. The instrument consists of a light source 12 filters to the prismatic part. The special part is that we use a mirror to get two beams of light. And two PbS detectors were used. One detector collected the radiation of one light beam directly and the value was set as the standard instead the standard white surface. Another light beam irradiate the sample surface and the diffuse light was collected by another detector. The value of the two detectors was compared and the absorbency was computed. We tested the performance of the NIR instrument in determining the protein and fat content of milk powder. The calibration showed the accuracy of the instrument in practice.
	The full hemisphere integrating measurement of the reflectance of black cavity (EI CONFERENCE) 会议论文 OAI收割 ICO20: Illumination, Radiation, and Color Technologies, August 21, 2005 - August 26, 2005, Changchun, China 作者: Wang Y.; Yu B.; Wang Y.; Wang Y.; Wang Y. 收藏 \| 浏览/下载：18/0 \| 提交时间：2013/03/25 The conical black cavities are used in the Solar Irradiance Absolute Radiometers (SIARs) of the solar constant monitor aboard on the SZ spaceship and of the Solar Total Irradiance Monitor (STIM) aboard on sun-synchronous polar orbit weather satellites. A low reflectance measurement instrument which is used for making the integrating measurement on the reflectance of the conical black cavity in a high precision within the full hemisphere (include the entrance of the Ulbrichtsphere) has been constructed. The characteristic of the instrument is the employment of a semi-transparent mirror which is mounted in an inclination angle of 45 degrees in front of the entrance of the Ulbrichtsphere. The incident beam is reflected to the black cavity or white board by the semi-transparent mirror. A portion of those which is made diffused reflection through the black cavity or white board is measured by the detector located in the side face of the Ulbrichtsphere and the other portion which is reflected to the entrance is measured by the other detector after passing through the semi-transparent mirror and then being focused on by an ellipsoidal mirror. The two measurement data are added up to get the integrating reflectance within full hemisphere. The presentation and verification on the measurement result of the reflectance of the black cavity and its precision are described in this article. The absolute accuracy can reach 0.012%.
	Developing of in-suit long trance profiler for testing slope error of aspherical optical Elements (EI CONFERENCE) 会议论文 OAI收割 ICO20: Optical Devices and Instruments, August 21, 2005 - August 26, 2005, Changchun, China Zhou C.; Li H.; Chen C.; Zhou C.; Qian S. 收藏 \| 浏览/下载：35/0 \| 提交时间：2013/03/25 Profile error of super smooth surface of optical elements at X-ray/EUV in synchrotron radiation (SR) light beam line is described as slope error of them generally. The Long Trace Profiler (LPT) is used for testing surface slope error of SR optical elements in world generally. It is requisite to use In-suit LTP measuring surface thermal distortion of SR optical elements with high heat under high bright SR source. Authors design an In-suit LTP by means of co-path interferometer with pencil light beam. The instrument not only can be used for testing slope error of mirrors in Lab. also in situation test the distortion of mirror with high heat load at synchrotron light beam line. The device can be used to test various absolute surface figures of optical elements such as aspherieal spherical and plane. It is needless standard reference surface. It is named by LTP-III. This paper describes its basic operating principle optical system mechanical constructions DC serve motor control system array detector data acquisition system and computer system for controlling and data analysis of LTP-III. The Instrument has advantages of high accuracy low cost multifunction and wide application. Length of surface measured of optical element accuracy is 0.04 arcsec.
	A brief description of observational results from the supersoft X-ray detector aboard Shenzhou-2 期刊论文 OAI收割 CHINESE ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS, 2003, 卷号: 27, 期号: 4, 页码: 399-408 作者: Hang, HR; Zhang, N; Yu, M 收藏 \| 浏览/下载：20/0 \| 提交时间：2012/08/08 instrument : detector X-ray : general